OGEA-103 TOGAF Enterprise Architecture Combined Part 1 and Part 2 Exam Questions and Answers

A Stakeholder Map is a technique that can be used to identify and classify the stakeholders of the architecture work, and to document their key interests, requirements, and concerns. A stakeholder is any person, group, or organization that has a stake in the outcome of the architecture work, such as the sponsor, the client, the users, the suppliers, the regulators, or the competitors. A Stakeholder Map can help to understand the needs and expectations of the stakeholders, and to communicate and engage with them effectively1

The steps for creating a Stakeholder Map are:

Identify the stakeholders of the architecture work, using various sources and methods, such as interviews, surveys, workshops, or existing documents.

Classify the stakeholders according to their roles, responsibilities, and relationships, using various criteria and dimensions, such as power, influence, interest, attitude, or impact.

Define the concerns and relevant views for each stakeholder group, using various techniques, such as business scenarios, use cases, or value propositions. A concern is a key interest or issue that is relevant to the stakeholder, such as a goal, a problem, a need, or a risk. A view is a representation of the system of interest from the perspective of one or more stakeholders and their concerns.

Record the stakeholders and their concerns in a Stakeholder Map, which shows the mapping between the stakeholder groups, the concerns, and the views. The Stakeholder Map also shows the dependencies, assumptions, and issues related to each stakeholder and concern.

Therefore, the best answer is B, because it recommends the approach that would enable the development of an architecture that addresses the concerns of the CIO and the partners, using the Stakeholder Map technique. The answer covers the following aspects:

An analysis of the stakeholders is undertaken, which involves identifying, classifying, and defining the stakeholders and their concerns.

The stakeholders and their concerns are documented in a Stakeholder Map, which provides a clear and comprehensive picture of the stakeholder landscape and their interests.

The concerns and relevant views are recorded in the Architecture Vision document, which is the output of Phase A: Architecture Vision of the Architecture Development Method (ADM), which is the core process of the TOGAF standard that guides the development and management of the enterprise architecture. The Architecture Vision defines the scope and approach of the architecture work, and establishes the business goals and drivers that motivate the architecture work. The Architecture Vision also involves obtaining the approval and commitment of the sponsors and other key stakeholders, and initiating the Architecture Governance process2

The requirements include risk mitigation through regular assessments, which involves identifying, analyzing, and evaluating the risks that may affect the architecture, and determining the appropriate measures or actions to prevent, reduce, or mitigate the risks. Risk mitigation can also involve monitoring and reviewing the risk situation, and communicating and reporting the risk status and actions3

This approach also allows a supervised agile implementation of the continuous Machine Learning, which involves applying agile principles and practices to the architecture development and implementation, such as iterative and incremental delivery, frequent feedback, collaboration, and adaptation. A supervised agile implementation can help to ensure the quality, value, and alignment of the architecture, and to respond to the changing needs and expectations of the stakeholders.

 1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 24: Stakeholder Management 2: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM), Chapter 18: Phase A: Architecture Vision 3: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 32: Risk Management : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 29: Applying Iteration to the ADM

In this scenario, thestrategic architecture is already complete and approved, and the sponsors now wantassurance about risks before approving the detailed Implementation & Migration Plan. According to TOGAF, this work occurs inPhase E: Opportunities & SolutionsandPhase F: Implementation & Migration, where a key activity is performingBusiness Transformation Readiness AssessmentandRisk Assessmentbefore finalizing the roadmap and migration plan.

OptionCaligns exactly with TOGAF guidance for this stage:

Why Option C is correct

1. It starts with assessing organizational readiness for change

TOGAF Phase E requires evaluation ofBusiness Transformation Readiness, addressing:

Organizational capability

Cultural readiness

Skills and capacity

Sponsorship and governance

This is exactly what Option C describes:

“assess how ready the organization is to change.”

This directly responds to the concern in the scenario that “most senior leaders feel the operations need to be more efficient” and that “significant changes are necessary.”

2. It includes identification and classification of risks

TOGAF requires performing aRisk Assessmentbefore migration planning, ensuring risks are categorized, documented, and mitigation strategies defined.

Option C includes:

“identification and classification of the risks … together with an approach to mitigate the risks.”

This is precisely what the sponsors requested: clear management of risks before approving migration planning.

3. It ties risk, dependencies, and gaps directly into the Implementation & Migration Plan

TOGAF requires identifying:

Dependencies between work packages

Gaps between baseline and target

Required actions to improve readiness

Work package sequencing

Option C states:

“identifying dependencies between the set of changes, including gaps and work packages… identifying improvement actions to be worked into the Implementation and Migration Plan.”

This matches TOGAF Phase E and F activities exactly.

4. It evaluates business value, effort, and risk for each transformation

The scenario involvesthree distinct transformations, and sponsors want assurance ofvalue delivery. TOGAF Phase F includesConsolidated Gaps, Solutions, and Dependenciesandmigration prioritization based on value, cost, and risk.

Option C states:

“The business value, effort, and risk associated for each transformation should then be identified and documented.”

This is directly aligned to the TOGAF-required migration prioritization criteria.

Why the other options are incorrect

A – Focuses on gap analysis only

Gap analysis was performed during Phases B–D, and while relevant, Option A doesnot emphasize risk, readiness, or assurance—key concerns of the scenario.

B – Misrepresents TOGAF (organizational requirements matrix is not a formal TOGAF artifact)

Also, it incorrectly focuses on aligning change with the operating model, which TOGAF does not prescribe as the primary risk-mitigation activity.

D – Focuses on architectural alternatives; the target architecture is already approved

The scenario states the strategic architecture is complete and approved—there isno need to revisit alternatives. This is misaligned with the starting point of the question.

Conclusion

OptionCis the only answer that conducts:

Business transformation readiness assessment

Risk identification and mitigation

Dependencies, gaps, and work package analysis

Integration of risks and improvement actions into migration planning

This matches precisely what TOGAF expects at this stage and what the sponsors requested.

The correct answer is B, as it aligns with TOGAF's stakeholder management approach, ensuring that stakeholder concerns are captured and addressed iteratively throughout the architecture development process.

Analysis of the Correct Answer (Option B):

Stakeholder Analysis and Mapping

The scenario highlights that top managers and staff are worried about the changes AI will bring.

TOGAF recommends stakeholder analysis early in the ADM process to ensure that concerns, expectations, and risks are documented.

Creating a Stakeholder Map groups stakeholders by common concerns, allowing architects to develop tailored viewpoints.

Recording Concerns in the Architecture Vision Document

The Architecture Vision (ADM Phase A) serves as a high-level guiding document.

Capturing stakeholder concerns in the Vision document ensures alignment between business goals and technology implementation.

Iterative Development and Regular Feedback

The scenario describes an AI-powered system with major business impacts, so incremental validation is necessary.

TOGAF emphasizes progressive development to manage risk and validate requirements continuously.

Regular feedback loops help mitigate resistance from top managers and staff.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect?

Option A: Creating Models for Business, Application, and Technology Architectures

Incorrect because while compliance is important, it does not address stakeholder concerns directly.

The scenario is about ensuring buy-in from top managers and employees, not just regulatory compliance.

Option C: Using Uniform Business Models Across AI Projects

Incorrect because a one-size-fits-all model does not allow for regional and functional differences within the company.

The scenario emphasizes the need to address specific concerns of top managers and different locations, which requires stakeholder-specific customization.

Option D: Creating a Communications Plan

Incorrect because communication alone does not resolve stakeholder concerns.

While communication is useful, the architecture development process should include stakeholder engagement and progressive validation, not just reporting.

In this scenario, the CTO hasnotpurchased cyber-insurance, the CSO is concerned about increased DDoS risk, and YOU (the EA) are asked“to describe the steps you would take to strengthen the current architecture to improve data protection.”

Because the company follows theTOGAF standardand uses aniterative ADM cycle, the correct response must:

Start with therisk/continuity concern

Use the formal TOGAFchange management process

Lead to aRequest for Architecture Work

Initiate anew ADM cycleto update the architecture properly

Ensure Architecture Board governance

OptionBis the only answer that matches TOGAF’s required process.

✔Why Option B is correct (TOGAF-aligned)

Option B follows TOGAF’sArchitecture Change Management (Phase H)process:

Assess the business continuity requirements– Correct: Phase H requires evaluating change triggers such as new risks, threats, or incidents.– DDoS risk → business continuity concern → legitimate architecture change trigger.

Analyze the current architecture for gaps– Correct: TOGAF Phase H requires assessing whether the current baseline architecture can support required resilience.

Create a formal Change Request– Exactly correct: Phase H outputsArchitecture Change Requests (ACRs)for significant changes.– ACR includes description, rationale, and impact (in this case: resilience, continuity, and data protection).

Architecture Board reviews/approves the change request– Correct: All major architecture changes must go through Architecture Governance.

Create a new Request for Architecture Work (RFAW)– Required when the change is significant and needs a new ADM cycle.– Strengthening data protection and business continuity DEFINITELY qualifies as a major change.

Begin a new ADM cycle to implement the changes– Perfectly aligned with TOGAF’s iterative approach:Business continuity → update Technology Architecture → updated security patterns → updated Target Architecture.

This is exactly the TOGAF-prescribed method to strengthen an architecture when significant new risks appear.

Therefore,Option B is the correct and TOGAF-compliant answer.

✘Why the other options are incorrect

A – Not TOGAF-aligned

Starts with vendors and simulations (not TOGAF-first steps).

No mention of Architecture Board or Change Management.

No Request for Architecture Work.

Gap analysis alone is not the first step for significant architectural risk.

C – Too narrow and skips TOGAF governance

Jumps straight to modifying the Technology Architecture baseline.

No Change Request, no RFAW, no ADM cycle initiation.

Recommends a solution (“DDoS mitigation at infrastructure level”) before architectural assessment.

D – Misuses Architecture Compliance Review

Architecture Compliance Reviews check conformity to an existing architecture—not evaluate new risks or design resilience enhancements.

A compliance review isnotthe correct first step for addressing new threats.

In this scenario, the enterprise is undergoing significant transformation due to a merger and the adoption of new technology (hand-held devices). Several key principles from TOGAF's ADM Techniques—particularly those focused on promoting enterprise-wide standardization, adaptability, and data utilization—are pertinent here:

Maximize Benefit to the Enterprise:This principle emphasizes that all architectural decisions should deliver maximum business value. Given that the company is integrating systems to cut costs and improve offerings, maximizing the benefit is crucial. Ensuring that the EA efforts align with enterprise-wide benefits supports the goal of optimizing costs and enhancing offerings, which aligns with the CEO’s vision for the merger.

Common Use Applications:Standardizing applications across the merged entity will be essential to achieve cost savings and to simplify operations. The goal of reducing the number of applications fits with this principle, ensuring that reusable and widely adopted applications support business functions across the organization. Adopting this principle will also aid in harmonizing the systems from both organizations and avoiding unnecessary diversity.

Data is an Asset:Data plays a central role in the company's operations, especially with the use of AI-driven inventory management and the integration of systems. Treating data as an asset is essential for reliable and accurate decision-making. This principle ensures that data is viewed as a critical enterprise resource and is managed with care, maintaining integrity, accuracy, and value.

Responsive Change Management:The organization’s ability to adapt quickly and effectively to changes, such as integrating new handheld devices and merging systems, is essential. This principle will facilitate the smooth transition required for integrating the new handheld devices and the merger-related system updates while minimizing disruption to store operations.

Technology Independence:Since the enterprise will likely encounter varied technologies from the merger, it is crucial to maintain flexibility. This principle advocates for using technology solutions that are adaptable and not bound to a single vendor or specific technology. This ensures that the enterprise can integrate various technological components from both organizations and evolve with minimal constraints.

These principles align well with TOGAF's broader recommendations for guiding architectural changes, as found in Section 2.6 of the TOGAF ADM Techniques. They ensure that the EA practice is aligned with business objectives while maintaining flexibility, data integrity, and a focus on enterprise-wide benefits. These guiding principles are critical for the successful execution of the integration and adoption of new technologies while achieving cost efficiencies and improving service delivery.

For reference, TOGAF's ADM Techniques highlight the importance of architectural principles in guiding transformational initiatives, ensuring that decisions are made consistently across the enterprise. Each principle supports organizational agility, system integration, and the efficient use of technology resources, all of which are vital for the enterprise's stated objectives.

In the context of the TOGAF standard, stakeholder management and addressing stakeholder concerns are critical components, especially for high-impact initiatives like adopting an AI-first approach. Here’s why the selected answer aligns best with TOGAF principles and the scenario:

Stakeholder Analysis and Engagement:Conducting a stakeholder analysis is essential as it helps identify and document the concerns, issues, and cultural factors influencing each stakeholder group. This aligns with TOGAF’s emphasis on understanding and managing stakeholder concerns, particularly in the Preliminary and Architecture Vision phases of the ADM (Architecture Development Method). Since the scenario highlights diverse concerns about AI, understanding each group's unique perspective will help the EA team tailor the architecture to address these effectively.

Architecture Vision Document:By documenting these concerns in the Architecture Vision document, the EA team can provide a clear, high-level representation of how AI will be adopted, its benefits, and how it addresses specific stakeholder concerns. This is critical for communicating the intent and value of the AI-first approach in a way that aligns with the agency's strategic goals, including addressing apprehensions about job security, skill development, and cyber resilience.

Risk Management and Architecture Requirements Specification:TOGAF highlights the importance of identifying and managing risks early in the process. By documenting the requirements related to risk in the Architecture Requirements Specification, the EA team ensures that these concerns are formally integrated into the architecture and addressed throughout the ADM phases. Regular assessments and feedback loops will provide a mechanism for continual risk monitoring and adjustment as the AI-first initiative progresses.

Alignment with TOGAF’s ADM Phases:The approach specified aligns with TOGAF’s guidance on managing risk and stakeholder concerns during the early ADM phases, specifically Architecture Vision and Requirements Management. In these phases, the framework emphasizes identifying and addressing risks associated with stakeholders' concerns to build a resilient and widely accepted architecture.

Reference to TOGAF Stakeholder Management Techniques:TOGAF’s stakeholder management techniques underscore the importance of understanding and addressing stakeholder needs as a foundational step. This involves assessing the influence and interest of various stakeholders and integrating their views into architectural development, ensuring that the architecture aligns with both business goals and operational realities.

In conclusion, by conducting a thorough stakeholder analysis and documenting concerns in both the Architecture Vision and Architecture Requirements Specification, the EA team can ensure that stakeholder concerns are addressed, that the architecture supports AI adoption effectively, and that potential risks are managed proactively. This approach will foster acceptance among stakeholders and ensure that the architecture aligns with the agency’s strategic goals and risk management requirements as recommended by TOGAF.

The question focuses onaddressing stakeholder concerns and mitigating riskswhen introducingAI-based systemsin a law firm, while also reflecting the CIO’s preference forarchitecting with agility.

OptionCis the best fit according to TOGAF.

✅Why Option C Is Correct

1. TOGAF Emphasizes Stakeholder Identification and Stakeholder Mapping (Phase A)

TOGAF requires:

Identifyingstakeholders

Analyzing theirconcerns, interests, and influence

Grouping stakeholders intocategories

Producing aStakeholder Mapand defining neededviews

Option C precisely describes this process.

2. Document Concerns in the Architecture Vision

The TOGAF Architecture Vision must include:

Stakeholder concerns

Relevant viewpoints

Business goals and drivers

High-level requirements

C describes documenting concerns and viewsin the Architecture Vision, which aligns perfectly with TOGAF Phase A.

3. Supports Agility / Progressive Development

The CIO promotesarchitecting with agility.

Option C includes:

“a requirement that there beprogressive developmentof the target architecture to get regular feedback.”

This is consistent with:

TOGAF’s support foriterative,incremental, andrisk-reducingdevelopment cycles

Agile architecture principles

Thus, C aligns both with TOGAFandthe CIO’s preference for agile adoption.

❌Why the Other Options Are Incorrect

A:

Communication planning is valid, but the answer istoo focused on reportingandlocation-specific summaries, which are not part of TOGAF Phase A.

Does not address the CIO’s need foragility.

Risk mitigation is described vaguely and incorrectly tied to later phases.

B:

Focuses on "business models" and "security architecture" — not the right emphasis for early stakeholder engagement.

Does not address fear of job performance monitoring or behavior change, which requires stakeholder-sensitive treatment.

D:

Proposes creatinghigh-level Business, Application, and Technology models in Phase A, which is inappropriate — such models belong inPhases B, C, D, not Vision.

Focuses on regulatory compliance rather than stakeholder concerns.

????TOGAF References

TOGAF 9.2 – Phase A: Architecture Vision

Defines stakeholder identification, concerns, and stakeholder map.

Encourages iterative, agile approaches.

Requires capturing concerns in the Architecture Vision.

TOGAF ADM Guidance for Agile

Supports incremental, feedback-driven development to reduce risk.

The Preliminary Phase is the preparatory phase of the Architecture Development Method (ADM) cycle, which sets the context and direction for the architecture work. One of the objectives of this phase is to select and implement tools to support the Architecture Capability, which is the ability of an organization to perform enterprise architecture effectively and efficiently. Tools can include software applications, methods, techniques, standards, and frameworks that assist the architecture development and governance processes. The selection and implementation of tools should be based on the requirements and constraints of the organization, and the alignment with the Architecture Principles and the Architecture Vision3 References: 3: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM), Chapter 6: Preliminary Phase : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 45: Establishing and Maintaining an Enterprise Architecture Capability : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 46: Tools for Architecture Development

Business Transformation Readiness Assessment is a joint effort between corporate staff lines of business and IT planners to evaluate the readiness of the organization to undergo change. It involves assessing factors such as vision, commitment, capacity, capability, culture, and motivation that may influence the success of a business transformation initiative. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.3.2 Business Transformation Readiness Assessment.

At this stage in the scenario:

Astrategic architecturehas been completed.

All divisions have completed theirArchitecture Definition Documents.

Work packageshave been defined.

Transition Architecturesbetween Baseline and Target are already identified.

Adraft roadmapexists for a multi-year phased migration.

You are now asked toplan the next steps for the migration, which aligns exactly withTOGAF ADM Phase F: Implementation and Migration Planning.

In Phase F, TOGAF prescribes the following key activities:

Evaluate and prioritize projects and work packages

Determine business value, cost, risk, dependencies

Confirm Transition Architectures and sequencing

Update and finalize the Implementation & Migration Plan

OptionBis the ONLY answer that correctly follows these required TOGAF steps.

✔Why Option B is correct

Option B states:

“Estimate the business value for each project by applying the Business Value Assessment Technique … to prioritize the migration projects.”✔This is a TOGAF-recommended technique specifically for Phase F to evaluate and prioritize transformations using value, risk, and ROI.

“Confirm and plan a series of Transition Architecture phases … using a table of Architecture Definition Increments.”✔Exactly aligned with TOGAF:

Transition Architectures were identified earlier.

In Phase F, they must beconfirmed, sequenced, and documented.

“Update the Implementation and Migration Plan.”✔This is the required output of ADM Phase F.✔At this point, the plan must be validated and finalized based on value and prioritization.

Thus,Option Bdirectly matches TOGAF’s prescribed migration planning process.

✘Why the other options are incorrect

A – Incorrect

Suggests finalizing Architecture Definition documentation—this was already completed by each division.

Introduces an “Implementation Governance Model,” which is not a TOGAF artifact at this stage.

Focuses on lessons learned BEFORE execution, which is not appropriate for migration planning.

C – Incorrect

Focuses only on project selection and resource assignment.

Does not use TOGAF techniques for value/risk evaluation.

Does not reference Transition Architectures, which are central in the scenario.

Oversimplifies Implementation & Migration Planning to resource scheduling.

D – Incorrect

Compliance Assessments occur DURING execution, notbeforemigration planning.

At this stage, no implementation has started, so compliance reviews are premature.

Adjusting performance requirements now has no alignment with TOGAF’s ADM sequence.

The statement illustrates iteration and the ADM. Iteration is the technique of repeating a process or a phase with the aim of improving or refining the outcome. Iteration allows for feedback loops and adaptations at any point in the architecture development and transition process. Separate projects may operate their own ADM cycles concurrently, with relationships between the different projects, to address different aspects or levels of the architecture in an iterative manner. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.1 Introduction to the ADM.

The scope of an architecture is the extent and level of detail of the architecture work. The scope of an architecture can be defined along four dimensions: project, breadth, depth, and architecture domains. The project dimension considers the boundaries and objectives of the architecture project, such as the time frame, budget, resources, and deliverables. The breadth dimension considers the coverage and completeness of the architecture across the enterprise, such as the organizational units, business functions, processes, and locations. The depth dimension considers the level of detail and specificity of the architecture, such as the granularity, abstraction, and precision of the architectural elements and relationships. The architecture domains dimension considers the aspects or segments of the architecture, such as the business, data, application, and technology domains.

Therefore, the depth dimension is the one that considers to what level of detail the architecting effort should go.

The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 25: Architecture Scope : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 25.2: Scope Dimensions : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 25.2.1: Project, Breadth, Depth, and Architecture Domains

The Target Architecture is a description of the future state of the architecture that addresses the business goals and drivers, and satisfies the stakeholder requirements and concerns. The Target Architecture is developed through the Architecture Development Method (ADM), which is the core process of the TOGAF standard that guides the development and management of the enterprise architecture. The Target Architecture is typically divided into four domains: Business, Data, Application, and Technology. The Target Architecture also includes a roadmap for change, which defines the Transition Architectures, the Capability Increments, and the work packages that enable the transition from the Baseline Architecture to the Target Architecture12

The best answer is B, because it describes the approach that should be taken to determine and organize the work to deliver the requested architectures, which are the Information Systems and Technology Architectures. The answer covers the following steps:

Refer to the end-to-end Target Architecture for guidance and direction. The end-to-end Target Architecture provides the overall vision, scope, and objectives of the architecture work, and the alignment with the business strategy and goals. The end-to-end Target Architecture also provides the high-level definitions and principles for the four architecture domains, and the roadmap for change that outlines the major milestones and deliverables.

Identify projects, dependencies and synergies, then prioritize before initiating the projects. Projects are the units of work that implement the architecture work packages, which are the sets of actions or tasks that are required to implement a specific part of the architecture. Dependencies are the relationships and constraints that affect the order or priority of the projects, such as logical, temporal, or resource dependencies. Synergies are the benefits or advantages that result from the combination or coordination of the projects, such as cost savings, efficiency gains, or innovation opportunities. Prioritization is the process of ranking the projects according to their importance, urgency, or value, and assigning resources and schedules accordingly.

Develop high-level architecture descriptions. High-level architecture descriptions are the outputs of the architecture development phases (B, C, and D) of the ADM cycle, which describe the Business, Data, Application, and Technology Architectures in terms of the Architecture Building Blocks (ABBs) and the Solution Building Blocks (SBBs), which are reusable components of business, IT, or architectural capability. High-level architecture descriptions also include the Architecture Views, which are representations of the system of interest from the perspective of one or more stakeholders and their concerns.

For each project, estimate effort size, identify reference architectures, and candidate building blocks. Effort size is the measure of the amount of work, time, or resources required to complete a project. Effort size can be estimated using various techniques, such as analogy, expert judgment, parametric, or bottom-up. Reference architectures are standardized architectures that provide a common framework and vocabulary for a specific domain or industry. Reference architectures can be used as a source of best practices, patterns, and models for the architecture development. Candidate building blocks are the potential ABBs or SBBs that can be used to implement the architecture. Candidate building blocks can be identified from the Architecture Repository, which is a collection of architecture assets, such as models, patterns, principles, standards, and guidelines.

Identify the resource needs considering cost and value. Resource needs are the specifications and criteria that define the acceptable level and quality of the resources required to complete the project, such as human, financial, physical, or technological resources. Resource needs can be identified by analyzing the scope, complexity, and dependencies of the project, and the availability, capability, and suitability of the resources. Cost and value are the factors that influence the allocation and utilization of the resources, such as the budget, the return on investment, the benefits, or the risks.

Document options, risks, and controls to enable viability analysis and trade-off with the stakeholders. Options are the alternative ways of achieving the project objectives, such as different solutions, technologies, vendors, or approaches. Risks are the effects of uncertainty on the project objectives, such as threats or opportunities. Controls are the measures or actions that are taken to prevent, reduce, or mitigate the risks, such as policies, procedures, or standards. Viability analysis is the process of evaluating and comparing the options, risks, and controls, and determining the feasibility, suitability, and desirability of each option. Trade-off is the decision outcome that balances and reconciles the multiple, often conflicting, requirements and concerns of the stakeholders, and ensures alignment with the Architecture Vision and the Architecture Principles.

 1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM), Chapter 5: Introduction to the ADM 2: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part IV: Architecture Content Framework, Chapter 36: Building Blocks : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM), Chapter 18: Phase A: Architecture Vision : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM), Chapter 19: Phase B: Business Architecture : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM), Chapter 20: Phase C: Information Systems Architectures : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part II: Architecture Development Method (ADM), Chapter 21: Phase F: Migration Planning : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 23: Architecture Principles : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 30: Trade-Off Analysis : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 46: Tools for Architecture Development : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework,Chapter 47: Architecture Board : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 48: Architecture Compliance : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 49: Architecture Contract : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 50: Architecture Governance : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 51: Architecture Maturity Models : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 52: Architecture Skills Framework

Key aspects of the scenario:

Objective:

Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into healthcare delivery, with a focus on improving patient care, enhancing workplace efficiency, and enabling seamless experiences.

Challenges:

Stakeholder concerns about risk management, adaptability to change, and ensuring alignment with regulations and policies.

Addressing the concerns of staff and top management about AI integration and achieving the desired goals.

CIO's Perspective:

Encouraging an agile approach to architecture development.

Addressing risks and ensuring stakeholder concerns are managed.

Areas for Evaluation:

AI usage by staff and impact on workflows.

Patient experience enhancement via AI.

New workplace platforms and tools powered by AI.

Option Analysis:

Option 1: Analysis of stakeholders and development of a Stakeholder Map

Pros:

Stakeholder analysis is critical for identifying concerns, viewpoints, and requirements.

TOGAF emphasizes stakeholder engagement early in the process to mitigate risks and align expectations.

Developing a Stakeholder Map ensures clear alignment with their interests and creates a foundation for regular feedback loops.

Cons:

Does not explicitly address the creation of architecture models or policies upfront.

Option 2: Creation of a Communications Plan

Pros:

A communications plan fosters effective stakeholder engagement by addressing their concerns and ensuring transparent reporting.

Risk mitigation as part of communication aligns with TOGAF’s stakeholder management practices.

Cons:

This focuses more on communication mechanics rather than advancing architectural development directly.

Option 3: Models for Draft Business, Data, Application, and Technology Architectures

Pros:

Aligns with the Architecture Development Method (ADM), ensuring compliance with requirements and regulations.

Helps formalize stakeholder feedback by verifying their concerns against tangible models.

Cons:

Developing detailed models early on may delay immediate resolution of stakeholder concerns and risk mitigation.

Option 4: Set of reusable business models for AI-related projects

Pros:

Standardized models ensure consistency and portability across the organization’s AI-related efforts.

Cons:

Too narrow in focus for the initial architecture development phase; does not address risk management or stakeholder concerns adequately.

Recommended Answer:

Option 1: You recommend that an analysis of the stakeholders is undertaken.

Reasoning:

The scenario highlights stakeholder concerns about risks, adaptability, and compliance. Addressing these concerns requires stakeholder analysis as the first step.

A Stakeholder Map aligns with TOGAF’s emphasis on stakeholder engagement, providing a structured way to manage their concerns and expectations.

Identifying concerns early and integrating feedback into the Architecture Vision document ensures alignment with goals and smooth progress.

Option 1 sets the foundation for collaboration and risk management, making it the best fit for the current phase.

In TOGAF, creating a Business Scenario is a foundational step in defining and understanding the business problem, especially for complex transformations involving multiple stakeholders andsystems, such as in this scenario. This method aligns with Phase A (Architecture Vision) of the TOGAF Architecture Development Method (ADM). Here’s why this approach is the most effective:

Understanding Business Requirements:A Business Scenario provides a structured way to capture and analyze the business requirements, stakeholder concerns, and the contextual elements related to the problem. In this scenario, the company faces challenges in integrating newly acquired companies with existing operations, which includes complex stakeholder concerns across different functional areas. Developing a Business Scenario allows the EA team to break down these complexities into identifiable and manageable parts.

Risk Evaluation and Management:By using the Business Scenario approach, the EA team can not only define the requirements but also assess associated risks systematically. TOGAF emphasizes the importance of risk management through identifying potential risks, evaluating their impact, and defining strategies for handling these risks. The process includes assessing how risks can be avoided, transferred, or reduced—a necessary step in large-scale transformations to ensure that risks are proactively managed.

Residual Risks and Governance:Any risks that cannot be fully resolved should be identified as residual risks and escalated to the Architecture Board, which is aligned with TOGAF’s governance approach. The Architecture Board’s role in TOGAF is to provide oversight and make critical decisions on risks that exceed the control of the EA team. This ensures that unresolved risks are managed at the appropriate level of the organization.

Alignment with TOGAF ADM Phases:The Business Scenario approach directly aligns with the Preliminary and Architecture Vision phases of the TOGAF ADM, which focuses on establishing a baseline understanding of the business context and the strategic transformation required. The detailed understanding of requirements, stakeholder concerns, and risks identified here will guide the subsequent phases of the ADM, including Business Architecture and Information Systems Architecture.

TOGAF Reference (Section 2.6, ADM Techniques):TOGAF provides guidelines on the creation of Business Scenarios as part of ADM Techniques, highlighting the importance of defining a business problem comprehensively to ensure successful transformation. This method includes identification of stakeholders, business requirements, and associated risks, which aligns well with the company's need for strategic and systematic integration of new business units.

By utilizing a Business Scenario, the EA team ensures that all aspects of the transformation are well understood, risks are identified early, and residual risks are managed effectively, aligning with the company's strategic objectives and the TOGAF framework’s guidance on risk management and stakeholder alignment.

The scenario clearly states that:

Theoverall objective is known,

BUT the EA team is expected todefine the scope, shared vision, and requirements,

The company uses aniterative approach,

The CEO wantsrepurpose and reuse rather than replace,

This is amajor strategic shift(new markets, new products, new crop mix).

According to the TOGAF standard, whenthe problem must be understood, andscope, vision, and requirements are not yet defined, the correct starting point isPhase A: Architecture Vision, using aniteration cycle.

This is also consistent with the “baseline-first” approach recommended in the TOGAF Series Guides for situations where:

the business direction is known but high-level,

detailed impacts must be discovered,

and the organization wants to reuse existing capabilities rather than replace them.

OptionBis the only answer that:

Begins byunderstanding the problem,

Definesthe structure of the change,

Usesiteration cyclesstarting with abaseline-first approach,

Leads intotransition planning,

Supports clarification of theshared visionandrequirements,

Fits the CIO’s instruction to “define the scope, shared vision, and requirements.”

This matches exactly what TOGAF prescribes in early-cycleArchitecture Vision and initial iterations.

The Chief Engineer is concerned that implementation across multiple plants and mixed teams (internal + contractors) may be inconsistent and of poor quality.

The question asks: How should Architecture Contracts be used to address this concern according to the TOGAF standard?

TOGAF states that an Architecture Contract must:

Define obligations of both architecture and implementation organizations

Specify metrics, measures, acceptance criteria, and success factors

Identify risks and mitigation

Support Architecture Governance through compliance reviews

Apply to BOTH internal teams and external suppliers (external contracts must be legally enforceable)

Option C is the only one that correctly reflects these TOGAF requirements.

✔Why Option C is correct

1. Architecture Contracts must specify goals, measures, acceptance terms, and risks

TOGAF explicitly states that Architecture Contracts should include:

Statement of Architecture Work

Performance metrics and measures

Acceptance criteria

Risks and issues

Compliance and conformance requirements

Option C includes all of these.

2. Third-party contracts must be legally enforceable

True — TOGAF states that when external suppliers are involved, Architecture Contracts often take the form of legally binding contracts.

Option C:

“Third-party contracts must be legally enforceable.”

Correct.

3. Compliance reviews must be scheduled

TOGAF’s Architecture Governance Framework prescribes scheduled Architecture Compliance Reviews to ensure that implementation conforms to the Architecture Contract.

Option C:

“establish a schedule of compliance reviews at key points”

Correct — this directly addresses the Chief Engineer’s concern about consistency and quality.

4. Deviations must be reviewed by the Architecture Board and any dispensations should be time-bound

TOGAF allows dispensations but requires:

Formal review

Approval by the Architecture Board

Time-bound accommodations rather than permanent exceptions

Option C includes exactly this guidance.

Key aspects of the scenario:

Business Objective:

A merger is happening to combine offerings, reduce costs, and achieve operational efficiency.

The goal includes fully integrating retail operations and systems, replacing duplicated systems, and reducing the number of applications used.

Technological Improvements:

A central AI-based inventory system is in place.

Hand-held devices for stores have improved customer and staff satisfaction and increased efficiency.

Scope of Architecture Work:

Integrating the merged systems.

Managing retail architecture to optimize operations.

TOGAF Alignment:

TOGAF principles aim to ensure the architecture supports business transformation effectively while aligning with governance and best practices.

Best answer analysis:

Option 1:

Maximize Benefit to the Enterprise: Aligns with the merger goals of cost reduction and efficiency.

Common Use Applications: Matches the goal to reduce duplicated systems.

Data is an Asset: Central AI system depends on accurate and reliable data.

Responsive Change Management: Necessary to support the transition and manage organizational impacts.

Technology Independence: Encourages selecting flexible, scalable solutions post-merger.

This option comprehensively aligns with the scenario.

Option 2:

Control Technical Diversity: Important but less emphasized than cost reduction and application unification.

Interoperability: Relevant, but less critical compared to principles addressing business value.

Data is an Asset: Relevant.

Data is Shared: Implied in centralized inventory but not directly stated.

Business Continuity: Important but not the main focus here.

This option partially fits but lacks emphasis on business outcomes.

Option 3:

Common Vocabulary and Data Definitions: Indirectly helpful but not central to the transformation.

Compliance with the Law: Always critical, but no explicit legal issues are mentioned.

Requirements-Based Change: General principle but not transformation-specific.

Responsive Change Management: Relevant.

Data Security: Important but not a central concern in the scenario.

This option focuses more on governance and less on merger goals.

Option 4:

Common Use Applications: Relevant to reducing duplicate systems.

Data is an Asset: Relevant.

Data is Accessible: Fits with AI system and handheld devices but is a subset of "Data is an Asset."

Ease of Use: Relevant to handheld devices but not a core transformation principle.

Business Continuity: Important but secondary to cost and efficiency.

This option focuses more on usability and accessibility rather than transformation objectives.

The image shows a diagram that illustrates the basic concepts of architecture description as defined by the ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011 standard1, which is also adopted by the TOGAF standard2.

According to the ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011 standard, an architecture description is a work product used to express an architecture, and it consists of one or more architecture views1.

An architecture view is a representation of a system from the perspective of a related set of concerns, and it conforms to an architecture viewpoint1.

An architecture viewpoint is a specification of the conventions for constructing and using an architecture view to address specific stakeholder concerns1.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A, which identifies the items labeled as “A” and “B” in the image as an architecture viewpoint and an architecture view, respectively. References:

1: ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011 - Systems and software engineering — Architecture description1

2: TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Part IV: Architecture Content Framework - 31. Architectural Artifacts2

The illustration shows the relationship between the Enterprise Continuum, the Architecture Continuum, and the Solutions Continuum, which are key concepts in the TOGAF framework. The Enterprise Continuum is a view of the Architecture Repository that shows how generic foundation architectures can be leveraged and specialized to support the requirements of an individual organization. The Architecture Continuum specifies a structured classification for architectural artifacts, such as models, patterns, and descriptions, that can be reused and adapted across different domains and levels of abstraction. The Solutions Continuum identifies implemented solutions that support various stages of business and IT capability evolution, such as common systems, industry solutions, and organization-specific solutions. The illustration also shows how the architecture context and requirements are influenced by external factors, such as business drivers, stakeholders, and standards, and how they shape the generic and specific architectures and solutions. The illustration also shows how the deployed solutions become part of the architecture context for future iterations of the architecture development cycle. References:

•TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part II: Architecture Development Method, Chapter 6: Architecture Repository, Section 6.2 Enterprise Continuum.

•TOGAF Standard, 10th Edition, Part IV: Architecture Content Framework, Chapter 35: Enterprise Continuum and Tools, Section 35.1 Introduction.

A security domain model is a technique that can be used to define the security requirements and policies for the architecture. A security domain is a grouping of assets that share a common level of security and trust. A security policy is a set of rules and procedures that govern the access and protection of the assets within a security domain. A security domain model can help to identify the security domains, the assets within each domain, the security policies for each domain, and the relationships and dependencies between the domains1

Since the data is being shared across partners, a security federation is needed to establish a trust relationship and a common security framework among the different parties. A security federation is a collection of security domains that have agreed to interoperate under a set of shared security policies and standards. A security federation can enable secure data exchange and collaboration across organizational boundaries, while preserving the autonomy and privacy of each party. A security federation requires contractual arrangements, and a definition of the responsibility areas for the data exchanged, as well as security implications2

A risk assessment is a process that identifies, analyzes, and evaluates the risks that may affect the architecture. A risk assessment can help to determine the likelihood and impact of the threats and vulnerabilities that may compromise the security and privacy of the data assets. A risk assessment can also help to prioritize and mitigate the risks, and to monitor and review the risk situation3

Therefore, the best answer is D, because it describes the risk and security considerations that would be included in the current phase of the architecture development, which is focused on the Business Architecture. The answer covers the security domain model, the security federation, and the risk assessment techniques that are relevant to the scenario.

 1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 35: Security Architecture and the ADM 2: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part IV: Architecture Content Framework, Chapter 38: Security Architecture 3: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part III: ADM Guidelines and Techniques, Chapter 32: Risk Management

OptionCaligns best withTOGAF Phase F: Migration Planning, which deals with developing adetailed Implementation and Migration Plan, ensuringalignment with other enterprise frameworks, and assigningbusiness valueto work packages and projects.

????TOGAF Phase F Activities (from the standard):

Confirm Management Framework Interactions:

Per TOGAF,Phase Fensures that the migration planning isaligned with the business planning, portfolio/project management, and operations management frameworksused by the enterprise (which are mentioned in the scenario).

TOGAF emphasizes coordination between EA and other enterprise governance processes.

Prioritize Projects:

TOGAF recommends usingbusiness value, resource availability, and strategic alignmentto prioritize the various work packages and projects for implementation.

This is directly referenced in option C:"assign a business value to each project, considering the available resources and how well they align with the strategy."

Update Roadmaps and Implementation Plan:

After coordination and prioritization, theArchitecture Roadmapand theImplementation and Migration Planare updated.

This is essential before formal governance (Phase G).

❌Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:

A: Incorrect focus on updating the Architecture Definition Document and lessons learned.

The Architecture Definition Document is mostly finalized in Phases B–E.

Lessons learned and governance modeling are more relevant toPhase G(Implementation Governance) andPhase H(Architecture Change Management), not Phase F.

B: Although it mentions theBusiness Value Assessment Technique(a valid tool in TOGAF), it includesArchitecture Definition Increments Table, which isnot a standard TOGAF artifact.

Also, "document the lessons learned" isprematurein Phase F; these are more applicable inPhase H.

D: Focuses onCompliance Assessment, which is part ofPhase G(Implementation Governance),not Phase F.

Changing performance requirements based on monitoring tools is handled duringoperations and change management, not during migration planning.

????Source References from TOGAF:

TOGAF 9.2 – Section 11.3 (Phase F: Migration Planning)

"Activities include confirming the enterprise's capability for transition, prioritizing projects, identifying dependencies and resource availability, and co-ordinating with other management frameworks."

TOGAF 9.2 – Section 11.4 Outputs:

Architecture Roadmap (updated)

Implementation and Migration Plan (updated)

Business Value Assessment

Consolidated Gaps, Solutions, and Dependencies

Based on the TOGAF standard, this answer is the best approach for architecture development to realize the CEO’s change in direction for the company. The reason is as follows:

The scenario describes a major business transformation that requires a clear understanding of the current and future states of the enterprise, as well as the gaps and opportunities for change. Therefore, the priority is to understand and bring structure to the definition of the change, rather than focusing on the implementation details or the technology aspects.

The team should use the TOGAF ADM as the method and guiding framework for architecture development, and adapt it to suit the specific needs and context of the enterprise. The team should also leverage the existing Architecture Capability and the Architecture Repository to reuse and integrate relevant architecture assets and resources.

The team should focus iteration cycles on a baseline first approach to architecture development, which means starting with the definition of the Baseline Architecture in each domain (Business, Data, Application, and Technology), and then defining the Target Architecture in each domain. This will help to identify the current and desired states of the enterprise, and to perform a gap analysis to determine what needs to change in order to achieve the business goals and objectives.

The team should then focus on transition planning, which involves identifying and prioritizing the work packages, projects, and activities that will deliver the change. The team should also create an Architecture Roadmap and an Implementation and Migration Plan that will guide the execution and governance of the change.

The team should use the Architecture Vision phase and the Requirements Management phase to work out in detail what the shared vision is for the change, and to capture and validate the stakeholder requirements and expectations. The team should also use the Architecture Governance framework to ensure the quality, consistency, and compliance of the architecture work.

 The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Architecture Development Method : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Architecture Vision : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Requirements Management : [The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Architecture Governance]

The Architecture Landscape is a class of information within the Architecture Repository that shows an architectural view of the building blocks that are in use within the organization today (the Baseline Architecture), as well as those that are planned for the future (the Target Architecture). The Architecture Landscape typically contains a list of the applications in use within the enterprise, along with their relationships and dependencies, as well as other relevant architectural information. The Architecture Landscape helps to identify opportunities for re-use, consolidation, or retirement of existing applications, as well as gaps or overlaps in the current or future architecture.

The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part IV: Architecture Content Framework, Chapter 34: Architecture Landscape : The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 47: Architecture Repository

When considering agile development, Architecture to Support Project will identify what products the enterprise needs, the boundary of the products, and what constraints a product owner has. This defines the enterprise’s backlog. A backlog is a list of features or tasks that need to be done to deliver a product or service. It is prioritized by the product owner based on the value and urgency of each item. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.3.5 Architecture to Support Project.

The four dimensions used to scope an architecture are Breadth, Depth, Time Period, and Architecture Domains1, p. 8.

Breadth refers to the extent of the enterprise covered by the architecture, which can range from a specific business unit to the entire organization1, p. 8.

Depth refers to the level of detail and completeness of the architecture, which can vary depending on the purpose, scope, and stakeholders of the architecture1, p. 8.

Time Period refers to the temporal aspects of the architecture, such as the current state, the target state, and the transition plan1, p. 8.

Architecture Domains refers to the classification of the architecture into four domains: Business, Data, Application, and Technology1, p. 8.

These four dimensions help define the scope and boundaries of the architecture and ensure that it meets the needs and expectations of the stakeholders.

1: The Open Group (2018). The TOGAF® Standard, Version 9.2. 1

Phase B of the ADM cycle is the Business Architecture phase. It describes the development of a Business Architecture to support an agreed Architecture Vision. The objectives of this phase are to describe the baseline and target Business Architecture, identify candidate Architecture Roadmap components based on gaps between the baseline and target, and determine whether an incremental approach is required. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.2.2 Phase B: Business Architecture.

•Phase A: Architecture Vision

oDevelop a high-level aspirational vision of the capabilities and business value to be delivered as a result of the proposed Enterprise Architecture

oDefine the scope and boundaries of the architecture engagement

oIdentify the key stakeholders and their concerns and expectations

oDefine the Architecture Vision statement and the Architecture Definition Document

oObtain approval and commitment from the sponsors and stakeholders

•Phase B: Business Architecture

oDevelop the Target Business Architecture that describes how the enterprise needs to operate to achieve the business goals

oDefine the Baseline Business Architecture, if not available

oPerform a gap analysis between the Baseline and Target Business Architectures

oDefine candidate roadmap components for the Business Architecture

oResolve impacts across the Architecture Landscape

•Phase C: Information Systems Architecture

oDevelop the Target Data Architecture that enables the Business Architecture and the Architecture Vision

oDevelop the Target Application Architecture that supports the Business Architecture and the Architecture Vision

oDefine the Baseline Data and Application Architectures, if not available

oPerform a gap analysis between the Baseline and Target Data and Application Architectures

oDefine candidate roadmap components for the Information Systems Architecture

oResolve impacts across the Architecture Landscape

•Phase D: Technology Architecture

oDevelop the Target Technology Architecture that enables the Information Systems Architecture and the Architecture Vision

oDefine the Baseline Technology Architecture, if not available

oPerform a gap analysis between the Baseline and Target Technology Architectures

oIdentify candidate Architecture Roadmap components based upon gaps between the Baseline and Target Technology Architectures

oResolve impacts across the Architecture Landscape

Therefore, the correct matching of the objectives and the phases is:

•1C: Develop the Target Data Architecture that enables the Business Architecture and the Architecture Vision

•2B: Develop the Target Business Architecture that describes how the enterprise needs to operate to achieve the business goals

•3A: Develop a high-level aspirational vision of the capabilities and business value to be delivered as a result of the proposed Enterprise Architecture

•4D: Identify candidate Architecture Roadmap components based upon gaps between the Baseline and Target Technology Architectures

A-Architecture Repository: This is a part of the Architecture Metamodel that contains artifacts structured according to the metamodel. It includes the Architecture Landscape which is adopted by the enterprise and governed by certain standards and practices.

B-Governing Board: The Governing Board ensures visibility and escalation, meaning it oversees and manages the capability of the architecture landscape. It plays a crucial role in governance.

C-Enterprise Capability: This refers to how well an enterprise can execute its mission, meet business objectives or satisfy its stakeholders’ needs and expectations. It’s influenced by both internal factors (like resources, processes) and external ones (like market trends).

TOGAF Version 9.1, Chapter 34: 1

According to the TOGAF standard, the deliverables that match the descriptions are as follows:

1 Architecture Principles: These are general rules and guidelines, intended to be enduring and seldom amended, that inform and support the way in which an organization sets about fulfilling its mission1. They reflect a level of consensus among the various elements of the enterprise, and form the basis for making future IT decisions1.

2 Architecture Contracts: These are the joint agreements between development partners and sponsors on the deliverables, quality, and fitness-for-purpose of an architecture2. They are used to ensure that the architecture is implemented and governed according to the agreed-upon specifications and standards2.

3 Request for Architecture Work: This is a document that is sent from the sponsoring organization to the architecture organization to trigger the start of an architecture development cycle3. It defines the scope, schedule, budget, deliverables, and stakeholders of the architecture project3.

4 Architecture Requirements Specification: This is a set of quantitative statements that outline what an implementation project must do in order to comply with the architecture4. It defines the requirements for each architecture domain, as well as the relationships and dependencies among them4.

 1: Architecture Principles 2: Architecture Contracts 3: Request for Architecture Work 4: Architecture Requirements Specification

The planning horizon, depth, and breadth of an Architecture Project, along with the contents of the EA Repository, are typically framed by Strategy, Portfolio, Segment, and End-to-end Target Architecture. The 'Segment' refers to a part of the organization, typically addressed in a Segment Architecture, while 'End-to-end Target Architecture' encompasses the complete view of the planned architecture across the entire organization.

Based on the illustration, the phase of the ADM labeled as item 2 is the Implementation Governance phase. This phase provides architectural oversight for the implementation. It ensures that the implementation project conforms to the architecture. It also provides a framework for monitoring and managing the implementation.

The Implementation Governance phase involves the following activities:

Finalizing the Architecture Roadmap and the supporting Implementation and Migration Plan

Assigning an Architecture Board to oversee the implementation

Establishing Architecture Contracts with the implementation partners

Reviewing and approving the implementation project plans and deliverables

Performing Architecture Compliance reviews to ensure alignment with the architecture

Performing Architecture Audit reviews to ensure quality and performance of the architecture

Resolving any architecture issues or change requests that arise during the implementation

Maintaining the architecture lifecycle and ensuring its continuity

The Implementation Governance phase is essential for ensuring that the architecture is realized as intended and that it delivers the expected business value and outcomes.

Implementation Governance

The purpose of the Architecture Roadmap is to provide a high-level view of how the Baseline Architecture will transition to the Target Architecture over time. It lists work packages on a timeline showing progress towards the Target Architecture, as well as dependencies, risks, and benefits. The Architecture Roadmap forms part of the Implementation and Migration Plan and guides the execution of the architecture projects. References: https://pubs.opengroup.org/architecture/togaf9-doc/arch/chap20.html

The purpose of the Preliminary Phase is to architect an Enterprise Architecture Capability that meets the needs and expectations of the enterprise’s stakeholders and supports and enables subsequent phases of architecture development and transition. This phase involves defining the scope, principles, framework, and governance for the Enterprise Architecture Capability. Reference: The TOGAF® Standard | The Open Group Website, Section 3.2 Preliminary Phase.

The objectives listed in the question correspond to the objectives of different phases of the TOGAF ADM (Architecture Development Method), which is a method for developing and managing an enterprise architecture1.

The ADM consists of nine phases, each with a specific purpose and output. The phases are1:

Preliminary Phase: To prepare and initiate the architecture development cycle, including defining the architecture framework, principles, and governance.

Phase A: Architecture Vision: To define the scope, vision, and stakeholders of the architecture initiative, and to obtain approval to proceed.

Phase B: Business Architecture: To describe the baseline and target business architecture, and to identify the gaps between them.

Phase C: Information Systems Architectures: To describe the baseline and target data and application architectures, and to identify the gaps between them.

Phase D: Technology Architecture: To describe the baseline and target technology architecture, and to identify the gaps between them.

Phase E: Opportunities and Solutions: To identify and evaluate the opportunities and solutions for implementing the target architecture, and to define the work packages and transition architectures.

Phase F: Migration Planning: To finalize the implementation and migration plan, and to ensure alignment with the enterprise portfolio and project management.

Phase G: Implementation Governance: To provide architecture oversight and guidance for the implementation projects, and to manage any architecture change requests.

Phase H: Architecture Change Management: To monitor the changes in the business and technology environment, and to assess the impact and performance of the architecture.

Based on the above definitions, we can match each objective with the corresponding phase as follows:

Objective 1: Develop the Target Data Architecture that enables the Business Architecture and the Architecture Vision. This objective is achieved in Phase C: Information Systems Architectures, where the data architecture is defined as a subset of the information systems architecture2.

Objective 2: Develop the Target Business Architecture that describes how the enterprise needs to operate to achieve the business goals. This objective is achieved in Phase B: Business Architecture, where the business architecture is defined as a subset of the enterprise architecture3.

Objective 3: Develop a high-level aspirational vision of the capabilities and business value to be delivered as a result of the proposed Enterprise Architecture. This objective is achieved in Phase A: Architecture Vision, where the architecture vision is defined as a high-level description of the target architecture and its benefits4.

Objective 4: Develop the Target Application Architecture that enables the Business Architecture and the Architecture Vision, in a way that addresses the Statement of Architecture Work and stakeholder concerns. This objective is achieved in Phase C: Information Systems Architectures, where the application architecture is defined as a subset of the information systems architecture2.

1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Chapter 5: Architecture Development Method (ADM)

2: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Chapter 9: Phase C: Information Systems Architectures

3: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Chapter 8: Phase B: Business Architecture

4: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Chapter 7: Phase A: Architecture Vision

According to the TOGAF Standard, an architecture view is a representation of a system from the perspective of a related set of concerns1. An architecture viewpoint is a specification of the conventions for a particular kind of architecture view1. Presenting different architecture views and architecture viewpoints to stakeholders helps architects to extract hidden agendas, principles, and requirements that could impact the final target architecture. This is because different stakeholders may have different concerns and interests in the system, and by showing them how the system addresses their concerns from different perspectives, the architects can elicit more feedback and validation from them2. For example, a business stakeholder may be interested in the business architecture view, which focuses on the business processes, functions, and capabilities of the system3. A security stakeholder may be interested in the enterprise security view, which addresses the security aspects of the system, such as confidentiality, integrity, and availability3. By presenting these views to the respective stakeholders, the architects can ensure that the system meets their expectations and needs, and also identify any potential issues or gaps that may affect the target architecture. References: 1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Architectural Artifacts - The Open Group1; 2: Understanding TOGAF Views and Viewpoints in Enterprise Architecture2; 3: Developing Architecture Views - The Open Group4

An EA Capability is the ability of an organization to perform enterprise architecture effectively and efficiently. It involves establishing and maintaining the appropriate organization structures, roles, responsibilities, skills, processes, tools, and governance mechanisms to support the development and use of enterprise architecture. An EA Capability enables the organization to align its business and IT strategies, deliver value from its investments, manage change and complexity, and improve its performance and agility12 References: 1: The TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 44: Introduction 2: TheTOGAF Standard, Version 9.2, Part VI: Architecture Capability Framework, Chapter 45: Establishing and Maintaining an Enterprise Architecture Capability