H35-581_V2.0 HCIP-5G-RNP&RNO Questions and Answers

N310 is the correct answer because it defines the threshold number of consecutive out-of-synchronization indications received from lower protocol layers before the UE starts the applicable radio-link failure detection timer.

In 5G NR, Radio Link Monitoring (RLM) evaluates the quality of the serving radio connection using configured reference signals and associated detection thresholds.

The physical layer continuously evaluates the radio-link condition and reports in-sync or out-of-sync indications to the RRC layer when the applicable requirements are met.

When radio conditions deteriorate sufficiently, the physical layer provides out-of-sync indications.

If the UE receives N310 consecutive out-of-sync indications , the RRC layer starts timer T310, subject to the relevant procedural conditions.

The UE then monitors whether the serving radio link recovers before T310 expires.

If the UE receives N311 consecutive in-sync indications while T310 is running, the timer can be stopped, indicating recovery from the degraded radio-link condition.

If T310 expires without the required recovery, the UE performs radio-link failure handling, which may result in RRC connection reestablishment or transition to RRC_IDLE.

N312 is associated with a separate configured radio-link monitoring mechanism.

The critical distinction is that N310 specifies the consecutive indication threshold, whereas T310 represents the monitoring duration.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.331, Section 5.3.10, Radio Link Failure Related Actions , and Section 7.2, Counters .

Interference margin is the expected answer because it represents an allowance for interference-related degradation rather than a direct propagation-loss component determined by the operating frequency band.

In 5G radio-network planning, the link budget estimates the maximum allowable propagation loss while maintaining the required received signal level and service performance.

The calculation considers parameters such as transmitter power, antenna gains, receiver sensitivity, feeder losses, penetration losses, fading margins, and interference assumptions.

Rain and snow fading is frequency dependent because precipitation-related electromagnetic attenuation varies with carrier frequency, particularly in higher-frequency operating bands.

Penetration loss also depends strongly on frequency and the characteristics of the materials through which the radio signal travels.

Concrete, glass, and other building materials can introduce substantially different attenuation at different operating frequencies.

Shadow fading margin accounts for slow variations in received signal power caused by environmental obstructions. Its statistical characteristics depend on the propagation scenario and can vary between frequency bands.

Interference margin , however, primarily accounts for degradation caused by neighboring transmissions, network loading, frequency reuse, antenna configurations, and resource-management behavior.

Although the actual interference environment can differ between frequency bands, interference margin is not an inherent frequency-dependent attenuation term.

Therefore, option D is the intended answer.

Official Reference: Huawei, 5G Wireless Network Planning Solution White Paper , Section 2.2.1, High-Precision 5G Propagation Model ; 3GPP TR 38.901, Study on Channel Model for Frequencies from 0.5 to 100 GHz .

Technical warning / qualification: Interference margin can indirectly depend on the operating band through deployment density, propagation, and spectrum conditions. The distinction concerns intrinsic propagation attenuation versus network-interference assumptions.

Transform precoding is the distinguishing physical-layer processing operation associated with Discrete Fourier Transform-spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM).

In 5G NR, uplink data transmission on the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) can use CP-OFDM or DFT-S-OFDM, subject to the applicable configuration.

DFT-S-OFDM introduces a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) operation into the symbol-processing chain before resource mapping and OFDM signal generation. This spreads modulation symbols across the allocated subcarriers.

A principal benefit is the reduction of Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) compared with conventional CP-OFDM in typical operating conditions.

Lower PAPR enables the UE power amplifier to operate more efficiently, reducing the required amplifier back-off and potentially improving uplink coverage, particularly for power-limited terminals.

Scrambling, modulation, and layer mapping are not exclusive to DFT-S-OFDM. These operations also occur in other NR physical-layer processing chains.

By contrast, transform precoding provides the characteristic DFT-spreading operation associated with DFT-S-OFDM transmission.

Accordingly, option D is correct because it identifies the processing operation that distinguishes DFT-S-OFDM from conventional CP-OFDM.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.211, Sections 6.3.1.1–6.3.1.4, PUSCH Scrambling, Modulation, Layer Mapping, and Transform Precoding ; TS 38.214, Section 6.1.3.

Technical warning / qualification: The original option states Transformer precoding . The standardized term is Transform precoding . The wording should be corrected in the published question bank.

Option A is incorrect under the standardized burst-based throughput measurement methodology because including the final small transmission interval can distort the measured throughput.

In NR performance management, throughput measurements are intended to represent radio transmission performance rather than the average application traffic rate across periods containing idle time.

The relevant measurement procedure distinguishes intervals during which the transmission buffer contains data from intervals when the buffer becomes empty.

The final transmission interval of a data burst may carry only a small residual packet. Including its duration and data volume can introduce a packet-size-dependent effect into the calculated throughput.

3GPP TS 28.554 therefore defines an extended throughput measurement method that excludes the final slot of the burst from the applicable calculation.

Option B is correct because average uplink and downlink UE throughput are used to assess radio-network performance as experienced by users.

Option C describes the general relationship between transmitted data volume and applicable active transmission time, subject to the precise measurement definitions.

Option D expresses a comparable throughput relationship at cell level, although its wording is less precise than the standardized KPI definitions.

Therefore, option A contradicts the specified throughput methodology.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 28.554, Section 6.3.6.2, Extended Definition of Throughput , Figure 1; TS 28.552, 5G Performance Measurements .

In 5G NR, Radio Resource Control (RRC) measurement configuration enables the UE to evaluate serving and neighboring cells for mobility, beam management, and radio-resource optimization.

Option A — Cell frequency: The intended parameter identifies the carrier frequency associated with the target cell or measurement configuration. This information allows the UE to determine the applicable frequency resources.

Option C — SMTC: SSB Measurement Timing Configuration specifies when the UE should perform SSB-based measurements. It defines the measurement-window periodicity, timing offset, and duration.

Option D — SSB frequency: The SSB frequency identifies the frequency location of synchronization signals that the UE must detect and measure.

Option B — Serving cell offset: Serving-cell offsets are used in measurement-event evaluation and reporting criteria. They are not part of the target-identification fields described by the intended question.

The standardized NR MeasObjectNR information element explicitly includes ssbFrequency and smtc1 , but does not define a separate field literally named Cell frequency within that structure.

Therefore, A, C, and D represent the intended Huawei-oriented answer.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.331, Section 6.3.2, MeasObjectNR Information Element ; Section 5.5, Measurements .

Technical warning / qualification: The exact measurement target IE referenced by the question is not identified. While C and D are directly supported by the NR measurement-object specification, option A requires confirmation against the intended Huawei signaling definition. The answer is provisional rather than fully verified.

System Information Block 5 (SIB5) contains the inter-Radio Access Technology (inter-RAT) cell-reselection parameters required when a UE evaluates a transition from 5G NR to LTE E-UTRA.

In NR, cell reselection is performed primarily while the UE operates in RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE.

The UE evaluates serving-cell and neighboring-cell measurements according to broadcast frequency priorities, signal-level thresholds, and applicable reselection timers.

SIB5 provides information about E-UTRA carrier frequencies and their associated reselection parameters.

A particularly important parameter is t-ReselectionEUTRA , which specifies the timer associated with inter-RAT reselection toward LTE.

The UE applies this parameter when determining whether the configured reselection conditions have remained satisfied for the required duration.

This mechanism helps prevent excessive movement between NR and LTE cells caused by short-term radio-signal fluctuations.

SIB5 can also contain E-UTRA carrier-frequency lists, reselection priorities, signal thresholds, and speed-dependent reselection scaling factors.

The other listed SIBs are not responsible for carrying the standard NR-to-E-UTRA reselection timer.

Consequently, SIB5 is the correct answer because its information elements explicitly include the E-UTRA reselection configuration.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.331, Section 6.3.1, SIB5 Information Element ; TS 38.304, Cell Reselection Procedures .

Options A, B, and C describe the principal eligibility and configuration requirements for initiating NR inter-RAT measurements in an E-UTRA–NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) deployment.

In NSA architecture, the LTE eNodeB operates as the Master Node and controls the initial measurement and secondary-node addition procedures.

Option A: The core network must permit the UE to use the applicable dual-connectivity service. Subscription restrictions and network indications can prevent the eNodeB from enabling NR secondary connectivity.

Option B: The UE must report capabilities compatible with EN-DC operation. The relevant capability framework was introduced in 3GPP Release 15, although the precise supported band combinations and EN-DC capability fields determine actual eligibility.

Option C: The LTE network must have the necessary dual-connectivity functionality enabled, together with appropriate neighboring NR frequency and measurement configurations. Incorrect frequency information can prevent the UE from measuring the intended NR cells.

Option D: The UMPTa is a Huawei hardware-board designation. The standardized B1 measurement configuration procedure does not require this specific board model. Hardware compatibility depends on the actual Huawei product and software release.

Therefore, A, B, and C represent the intended operational conditions, while D incorrectly introduces a specific hardware model as a universal requirement.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 37.340, E-UTRA and NR Multi-Connectivity , EN-DC Architecture and Secondary Node Addition; TS 36.331, Inter-RAT Measurement Configuration .

Technical warning / qualification: The precise Huawei NSA feature-switch and board-compatibility conditions require the relevant equipment-version documentation; 3GPP establishes the general signaling requirements.

Each Synchronization Signal and Physical Broadcast Channel Block (SSB), formally identified as an SS/PBCH block, occupies four consecutive Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in the time domain.

In 5G NR, the SSB provides essential information for initial cell search, synchronization, physical cell identity detection, and acquisition of broadcast system information.

According to 3GPP TS 38.211, Section 7.4.3.1, an SS/PBCH block occupies four consecutive OFDM symbols, numbered 0 through 3.

The SSB contains the Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), and associated PBCH Demodulation Reference Signals (DM-RS).

The PSS enables the UE to detect a component of the physical cell identity and establish initial timing synchronization.

The SSS provides the remaining information required to determine the complete physical cell identity and assists synchronization.

The PBCH carries the Master Information Block (MIB), which provides essential configuration information for acquiring further system information.

In the frequency domain, each SSB spans 240 contiguous subcarriers.

Although multiple SSBs may be transmitted within an SSB burst set to support beam sweeping, the time-domain duration of an individual SSB remains exactly four consecutive OFDM symbols.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.211, Section 7.4.3.1, Time-Frequency Structure of an SS/PBCH Block , Table 7.4.3.1-1.

Options C and D are correct because Network Slice Selection Assistance Information (NSSAI) can be conveyed through both the NAS Registration Request and the NR RRCSetupComplete message.

In 5G, NSSAI enables the network to identify the network slices requested or supported for a particular UE. Individual slices are represented by Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information (S-NSSAI), comprising a Slice/Service Type (SST) and an optional Slice Differentiator (SD).

Option C — Registration Request: During 5G registration, the UE may include Requested NSSAI in its NAS Registration Request. This enables the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) to evaluate the requested slices against subscription information and network availability.

Option D — RRC Setup Complete: The NR RRCSetupComplete message includes an optional s-NSSAI-List information element. When supplied by the upper layers, this element can communicate S-NSSAI information during RRC connection establishment.

Options A and B are incorrect because RRCSetup and RRCSetupRequest do not contain the corresponding NSSAI information element.

The distinction is that the NAS Registration Request communicates slice information for core-network registration, whereas RRCSetupComplete can provide relevant slice assistance information through access-stratum signaling.

Therefore, C and D are the correct selections.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.331, Section 6.2.2, RRCSetupComplete Message ; TS 24.501, Sections 4.6.2.3 and 8.2.6, Registration Request and Requested NSSAI .

Who estimates it?

The UE estimates the path loss ( ), not the gNodeB.

Uplink vs. Downlink:

Because the UE does not know the uplink channel path loss directly prior to transmitting, it utilizes the channel reciprocity principle (or assumes average path loss symmetry).

The UE calculates the downlink path loss ( ) by taking the difference between the transmitted reference signal power broadcasted by the network (ss-PBCH-BlockPower or CSI-RS power) and the measured received power (higher-layer filtered RSRP):

Usage:

This estimated downlink path loss is then inserted into the open-loop power control formula to calculate the required uplink transmit power for PUSCH (including Msg3 during initial access).

The PRACH configuration index determines the time-domain opportunities available for Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) preamble transmission.

PRACH is used during initial network access, applicable mobility procedures, and other operations requiring uplink synchronization or random-access signaling.

In NR, random-access occasions must be configured so that the UE knows when and where it is permitted to transmit a PRACH preamble.

The prach-ConfigurationIndex parameter identifies an entry in the standardized random-access configuration tables.

These tables specify characteristics including the PRACH preamble format, applicable system-frame periodicity, subframe or slot location, starting symbol, and number of time-domain PRACH occasions.

The remaining parameters control different aspects of random access.

Option A — Logic root sequence: The logical root sequence index determines the Zadoff–Chu root sequence used for PRACH preamble generation.

Option B — Frequency offset: The frequency-domain configuration determines the placement of PRACH resources within the available uplink bandwidth.

Option C — Ncs: The cyclic-shift parameter determines the cyclic-shift spacing used to generate different preamble sequences from a common root sequence.

These parameters affect PRACH sequence generation or frequency-domain placement, rather than identifying its scheduling opportunities in time.

Therefore, option D is correct.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.211, Section 6.3.3.2, PRACH Mapping to Physical Resources , Tables 6.3.3.2-2 through 6.3.3.2-4.

Option A is the expected answer because its slot configuration creates a relatively long interval between uplink transmission opportunities, increasing the scheduling-related latency experienced by applicable traffic.

In Time Division Duplex (TDD) operation, uplink and downlink transmissions share the same carrier-frequency resources but occur in different time-domain intervals.

The configured slot pattern determines the distribution of downlink slots, uplink slots, and special slots.

In the 8:2 configuration, the sequence DDDDDDDSUU contains seven consecutive downlink slots, followed by a special slot and two uplink slots.

For 30 kHz subcarrier spacing, a normal slot lasts 0.5 ms, producing a 5 ms configuration period.

Consequently, uplink packets arriving shortly after the available uplink opportunities may experience substantial waiting time before the next usable uplink slot.

The other configurations provide more frequent uplink opportunities, which generally reduces waiting time for uplink transmissions and selected feedback procedures.

Such delays can influence uplink scheduling requests, HARQ timing, and application-level responsiveness.

However, actual end-to-end latency also depends on traffic direction, processing delays, network congestion, retransmissions, and transport-network conditions.

Therefore, option A is the best answer when comparing the scheduling-related latency implications of the listed TDD patterns.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.213, Section 11.1, UE Procedures for Determining Slot Format ; TS 38.331, TDD-UL-DL-ConfigCommon and TDD-UL-DL-ConfigDedicated .

Technical warning / qualification: The comparison assumes similar operating conditions and emphasizes uplink opportunity waiting time. The slot pattern alone does not establish a universally highest end-to-end latency for every traffic flow.

PRACH Format 3 is the intended selection because its 5 kHz subcarrier spacing provides greater tolerance to Doppler shift than the 1.25 kHz spacing associated with the other listed long-preamble formats.

The Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) is used by the UE to initiate random-access procedures, including initial access and applicable mobility-related synchronization procedures.

In high-speed railway environments, rapidly moving UEs experience significant Doppler frequency shifts due to their motion relative to the serving base station.

Doppler shift is approximately proportional to carrier frequency and radial velocity.

At a UE speed of 250 km/h, the Doppler frequency can become sufficiently large to impair correlation and detection performance when narrow PRACH subcarrier spacing is used.

According to the standardized PRACH configurations, Formats 0, 1, and 2 use 1.25 kHz subcarrier spacing, while Format 3 uses 5 kHz.

The wider spacing reduces the relative frequency-offset sensitivity of the random-access preamble, helping improve detection reliability in high-mobility conditions.

PRACH planning must also account for maximum cell radius, propagation delay, cyclic prefix, and configured random-access occasions.

For the listed long-preamble formats and the stated high-speed scenario, Format 3 is therefore the preferred answer.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.211, Section 6.3.3, Physical Random Access Channel ; TS 38.101-1, Section 6.3.3.4, Table 6.3.3.4-1, PRACH ON Power Measurement Period .

Synchronization Signal Reference Signal Received Power (SS-RSRP) measures the received power of the synchronization-signal reference elements and is a fundamental indicator of NR radio coverage.

SS-RSRP optimization establishes whether the received serving-cell signal is sufficiently strong throughout the required coverage area.

Typical corrective actions include adjusting antenna azimuth, electrical downtilt, antenna height, reference-signal transmission characteristics, and site configuration.

Once acceptable signal-strength coverage has been established, the optimization process evaluates signal quality.

Synchronization Signal Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SS-SINR) measures the synchronization-signal power relative to interference and noise.

Poor SS-SINR can occur even when SS-RSRP is strong, particularly in areas affected by overlapping cell coverage, excessive interference, or unsuitable beam configurations.

Interference coordination, antenna-pattern optimization, and mobility-parameter adjustments may improve SS-SINR and subsequent service performance.

The two measurements must ultimately be considered together because strong signal power does not guarantee acceptable radio quality.

However, the statement reverses the intended priority by placing SS-SINR before SS-RSRP.

Therefore, option B is correct.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.215, Physical Layer Measurements ; TS 28.100, Annex A.1.3, Coverage Optimization Requirements and Measurements .

Technical warning / qualification: The sequence is a planning and optimization guideline, not an absolute 3GPP-mandated workflow. In an interference-limited network, SS-SINR may require immediate attention even when SS-RSRP is adequate.

Options A, B, and C are the intended answers because the 5G NR Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) transmit-power calculation depends on subcarrier spacing, allocated radio resources, and format-dependent control-information characteristics.

PUCCH carries Uplink Control Information (UCI), including HARQ acknowledgments, Scheduling Requests (SR), and Channel State Information (CSI).

PUCCH power control combines open-loop parameters with dynamically accumulated closed-loop Transmit Power Control (TPC) adjustments.

The open-loop component establishes a transmission-power baseline using configured power offsets, downlink path-loss estimation, and the transmission-resource configuration.

Option A — PUCCH SCS: Subcarrier spacing contributes to the bandwidth-dependent term of the PUCCH transmit-power formula.

Option B — UCI format: The intended concept concerns PUCCH format and UCI payload-dependent adjustments. Different PUCCH formats have different symbol structures, payload capacities, and associated power-adjustment requirements.

Option C — Number of RBs: The allocated PUCCH Resource Blocks affect transmission bandwidth and the corresponding power calculation.

Option D — PUCCH MCS: Unlike PUSCH, PUCCH power control does not use a conventional PUCCH MCS index as an independent open-loop power-control parameter.

Consequently, options A, B, and C correctly identify the relevant factors in the intended examination context.

Official Reference: 3GPP TS 38.213, Section 7.2.1, PUCCH Transmit Power ; TS 38.331, PUCCH-PowerControl Configuration .

Technical warning / qualification: The original option B states UCI format . The standards use the more precise concepts of PUCCH format and UCI payload-dependent adjustments. For technical accuracy, this option should be revised before publication. The original wording has been preserved above.