MikroTik MTCNA Dumps Questions Answers

Binary to Decimal:

10011101

= 1×2^7 + 0×2^6 + 0×2^5 + 1×2^4 + 1×2^3 + 1×2^2 + 0×2^1 + 1×2^0

= 128 + 0 + 0 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 1

= 157

Decimal to Hexadecimal:

157 ÷ 16 = 9 remainder 13 → 13 = D

So, 157 = 0x9D

MTCNA Course Material – Binary and Hex Conversion:

“Convert binary to decimal by summing powers of 2. Then convert decimal to hexadecimal by dividing by 16.”

René Meneses MTCNA Study Guide – Number Systems:

“For binary 10011101, the decimal is 157, and hex is 9D.”

Only Option B is correct: 157, 0x9D.

Final Answer: BQUESTION NO: 110 [RouterOS Introduction]

If you use either Telnet or FTP, which is the highest layer you are using to transmit data?

A. Application

B. Presentation

C. Session

D. Transport

Answer: A

Protocols like Telnet and FTP are considered Application Layer protocols in the OSI model. They operate at Layer 7, providing interfaces for user-level interaction and command control.

MTCNA Course Material – TCP/IP vs OSI Model:

“Telnet, FTP, HTTP are Application Layer protocols. They operate at the top of the OSI stack (Layer 7).”

René Meneses MTCNA Study Guide – Protocol Layers:

“Telnet and FTP reside at the Application Layer. They initiate data exchange between hosts.”

Presentation and Session layers are not separately used in the TCP/IP model and are merged into the Application Layer.

Transport (Layer 4) is used by these protocols (via TCP), but the protocol itself resides at the Application Layer.

Final Answer: AQUESTION NO: 111 [RouterOS Introduction – IP Addressing]

Which class of IP address provides a maximum of only 254 host addresses per network ID?

A. Class A

B. Class B

C. Class C

D. Class D

Answer: C

Class C networks are defined as IP addresses with the first octet in the range of 192 to 223. Their default subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 (/24), which provides:

2^8 = 256 total addresses

Minus 2 (1 for network address, 1 for broadcast)

→ 254 usable host addresses

MTCNA Course Material – IP Address Classes:

“Class C has a default mask of /24. This allows for 254 hosts per network.”

René Meneses MTCNA Study Guide – IP Classes:

“Class C = 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255, 254 usable hosts per subnet.”

Other classes:

Class A: ~16 million hosts

Class B: ~65,000 hosts

Class D: used for multicast (not host assignment)

Final Answer: CQUESTION NO: 112 [RouterOS Introduction – Protocols]

Which of the following services use UDP?

DHCP

SMTP

SNMP

FTP

HTTP

TFTP

A. 1, 3 and 6

B. 2 and 4

C. 1, 2 and 4

D. All of the above

Answer: A

UDP is a connectionless protocol used by several lightweight or stateless network services. Among the listed services:

DHCP: Uses UDP (Ports 67 and 68)

SNMP: Uses UDP (Ports 161/162)

TFTP: Uses UDP (Port 69)

Other protocols:

SMTP: Uses TCP (Port 25)

FTP: Uses TCP (Ports 20 and 21)

HTTP: Uses TCP (Port 80)

MTCNA Course Material – Protocols and Ports:

“UDP is used for DHCP, SNMP, TFTP. TCP is used for SMTP, FTP, HTTP.”

René Meneses MTCNA Study Guide – Port Assignments:

“TCP: FTP, SMTP, HTTP. UDP: DHCP, SNMP, TFTP.”

Only 1, 3, and 6 use UDP.

The 172.16.25.0/25 subnet provides 128 IP addresses (2^7 = 128), including network and broadcast.

To subnet a /25 network (128 addresses), we can break it into:

2 x /26 → each with 64 addresses (62 usable) →✅Valid

4 x /27 → each with 32 addresses → Also valid, but let's verify options

Let’s analyze the options:

A. one /23 and one /27 →❌Invalid. /23 is larger than /25 — can’t derive a larger subnet from a smaller one.

B. four times /27 →✅Possible. 4 × 32 = 128. But not the best or only answer — and option D is more precise.

C. two times /24 →❌Invalid. /24 = 256 addresses; you can't divide a 128-address block into 2 larger ones.

D. two times /26 →✅Each /26 = 64 addresses. Two such subnets exactly fit into a /25 network.

MTCNA Course Manual – Subnetting and Address Planning:

“To divide a /25, you may use two /26s, four /27s, or other equal parts as long as they total no more than the parent subnet.”

René Meneses MTCNA Guide – Subnet Design:

“A /25 subnet can be split into 2 /26s (64 IPs each) or 4 /27s (32 IPs each), depending on host requirements.”

Terry Combs Notes – IP Subnetting Exercises:

“Always check if the proposed subnet sizes logically fit within the assigned block.”

Answer: DQUESTION NO: 52 [Routing]

When using routing option check-gateway=ping, after how many timeouts is the gateway considered unreachable?

A. 4

B. 1

C. 2

D. 3

Answer: C

In MikroTik RouterOS, if you enable check-gateway=ping on a static route, RouterOS sends periodic ICMP echo requests (ping) to the specified gateway.

By default, the gateway is considered unreachable after:

2 consecutive ping timeouts →✅

This status will cause the router to remove the route from the routing table until the gateway responds again.

Evaluations:

A. 4 →❌Too many

B. 1 →❌Too sensitive; only one timeout doesn’t mark it unreachable

C. 2 →✅Correct default behavior

D. 3 →❌Incorrect default

MTCNA Course Manual – Gateway Checking:

“When using check-gateway=ping, the router waits for two failed pings before declaring the route inactive.”

René Meneses Study Guide – Static Routing Behavior:

“check-gateway=ping disables the route after two ping failures.”

Terry Combs Notes – Route Monitoring:

“Ping-based route checks fail after 2 missed responses — that route becomes inactive.”

Answer: CQUESTION NO: 53 [Wireless]

Which of the following is used in standard 802.11 wireless networks?

A. CSMA/CA

B. CDMA

C. FDD

D. CSMA/CD

Answer: A

802.11 (Wi-Fi) wireless networks use CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) as their access method.

Unlike wired Ethernet, which uses CSMA/CD (Collision Detection), wireless devices can’t detect collisions efficiently. So they use avoidance techniques, like:

RTS/CTS (Request to Send)

Back-off timers

Evaluation:

A. CSMA/CA →✅Correct method used in wireless networks

B. CDMA →❌Used in cellular technologies like 3G, not Wi-Fi

C. FDD (Frequency Division Duplexing) →❌Not part of Wi-Fi MAC layer

D. CSMA/CD →❌Used in Ethernet (wired), not suitable for wireless

MTCNA Course Manual – 802.11 Wireless Principles:

“Wireless uses CSMA/CA to avoid collisions, as it’s difficult to detect them in the air.”

René Meneses Guide – Wireless Technology Overview:

“Wi-Fi operates under CSMA/CA, which is based on listen-before-talk and collision avoidance.”

Terry Combs Notes – Wi-Fi Access Methods:

“Wired = CSMA/CD. Wireless = CSMA/CA. They are not interchangeable.”

════════════════════════════════════════════

The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model was developed by the ISO (International Standards Organization) to provide a universal standard for network communications. Its primary goal is to enable interoperability between different systems and vendors by establishing a common networking framework.

MTCNA Course Material – OSI Model Purpose:

“The OSI model helps standardize networking so that different systems and networks can communicate.”

René Meneses MTCNA Study Guide – OSI Principles:

“The model was designed to guide product developers and facilitate communication between heterogeneous network systems.”

Other options:

A: The OSI was not intended to be “larger” than DoD model

B: Helpful benefit, but not the main reason for creation

D: Incorrect and vendor-specific (not factual)

Final Answer: CQUESTION NO: 126 [Networking Fundamentals – VLAN Concepts]

What does a VLAN do?

A. Acts as the fastest port to all servers.

B. Provides multiple collision domains on one switch port.

C. Breaks up broadcast domains in a layer 2 switch internetwork.

D. Provides multiple broadcast domains within a single collision domain.

Answer: C

VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) segment a Layer 2 switch network into separate broadcast domains. Without VLANs, all devices on a switch share a single broadcast domain. VLANs allow traffic isolation by logically grouping ports, improving security and performance.

MTCNA Course Material – VLAN Fundamentals:

“VLANs allow you to logically segment a switch network. Each VLAN creates a separate broadcast domain.”

René Meneses MTCNA Study Guide – VLAN Behavior:

“Switches normally operate in a single broadcast domain. VLANs break this up without requiring physical segmentation.”

Breakdown:

A: Not related to VLAN function

B: Switch ports are already separate collision domains

D: Reverse of what VLANs actually do

Final Answer: CQUESTION NO: 127 [VLAN Management – VTP and Cisco Switching]

Which one of the following is true regarding VLANs?

A. Two VLANs are configured by default on all Cisco switches.

B. VLANs only work if you have a complete Cisco switched internetwork. No off-brand switches are allowed.

C. You should not have more than 10 switches in the same VTP domain.

D. VTP is used to send VLAN information to switches in a configured VTP domain.

Answer: D

VTP (VLAN Trunking Protocol) is a Cisco proprietary protocol used to manage and propagate VLAN information throughout a switch fabric. It helps maintain consistency across switches by distributing VLAN configurations from a VTP server to client switches in the same domain.

Cisco Switching Guide – VTP Concepts:

“VTP advertises VLAN definitions on a LAN to ensure consistency. It reduces misconfigurations by centralizing VLAN management.”

René Meneses MTCNA Study Guide – VLAN and VTP Notes:

“VTP sends VLAN updates across switches in the same VTP domain. Switches must be compatible and share the domain name.”

Breakdown:

A: Only VLAN 1 exists by default

B: VLANs are not Cisco-exclusive

C: There is no limit of 10 switches in a VTP domain

D:✔Correct

Final Answer: DQUESTION NO: 128 [RouterOS]

If your router is facilitating a CSU/DSU, which of the following commands do you need to use to provide the router with a 64000bps serial link?

A. RouterA(config)#bandwidth 64

B. RouterA(config-if)#bandwidth 64000

C. RouterA(config-if)#clock rate 64

D. RouterA(config-if)#clock rate 64000

Answer: D

In Cisco IOS, the clock rate command is used on the DCE (Data Communications Equipment) end of a serial link to provide timing to the connected DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) device. To configure a 64 kbps link, the correct syntax is:

RouterA(config-if)#clock rate 64000

Cisco IOS Configuration Guide – Serial Interfaces:

“When the router acts as DCE, use the command clock rate [bps] under the serial interface to set the speed. For 64kbps, use 64000.”

René Meneses MTCNA Guide – WAN Configuration (Cisco Compatibility):

“Use clock rate 64000 for CSU/DSU simulation. Bandwidth command is for routing metrics only.”

Option analysis:

A: bandwidth 64 → Sets routing metric, not actual interface speed

B: bandwidth 64000 → Same; metric only

C: clock rate 64 → Incorrect value

D:✔Correct and syntactically valid

Final Answer: D────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────