1z0-822 Oracle Solaris 11 Advanced System Administration Questions and Answers

All interfaces in the same group must have the same STREAMS modules configured in the same order.

The FX scheduler provides a scheduling policy for processes that require user or application control of scheduling priorities. The priorities of processes that run under FX are fixed.

The FX class provides a fixed-priority preemptive scheduling policy. This policy is used by processes that require user or application control of scheduling priorities but are not dynamically adjusted by the system. By default, the FX class has the same priority range as the TS, IA, and FSS classes. The FX class allows user or application control of scheduling priorities through user priority values assigned to processes within the class. These user priority values determine the scheduling priority of a fixed-priority process relative to other processes within its class.

Incorrect:

Not A: The fair share scheduling class enables you to allocate CPU time based on shares instead of the priority scheme of the timesharing (TS) scheduling class.

Not D: The goal of the time-sharing policy is to provide good response time to interactive processes and good throughput to CPU-bound processes. The scheduler switches CPU allocation often enough to provide good response time, but not so often that the system spends too much time on switching. Time slices are typically a few hundred milliseconds.

The time-sharing policy changes priorities dynamically and assigns time slices of different lengths.

How to Manually Specify Target Systems for Probe-Based Failure Detection

1. Add a route to a particular host to be used as a target in probe-based failure detection.

$ route -p add -host destination-IP gateway-IP -static

where destination-IP and gateway-IP are IPv4 addresses of the host to be used as a target. For example, you would type the following to specify the target system 192.168.10.137, which is on the same subnet as the interfaces in IPMP group itops0:

$ route -p add -host 192.168.10.137 192.168.10.137 -static

This new route will be automatically configured every time the system is restarted. If you want to define only a temporary route to a target system for probe-based failure detection, then do not use the -p option.

2.Add routes to additional hosts on the network to be used as target systems.

* -p pattern

Set the per-process core file name pattern to pattern for each of the specified process-IDs. The pattern can contain any of the special % variables

* Variables:

%f, executable file name, up to a maximum of MAXCOMLEN characters

%p, process-ID

* Example. The core file name pattern:

/var/core/core.%f.%p

would result, for command foo with process-ID 1234, in the core file name: /var/core/core.foo.1234

* Example. Setting the core file name pattern

When executed from a user's $HOME/.profile or $HOME/.login, the following command sets the core file name pattern for all processes run during the login session:

example$ coreadm -p core.%f.%p $$

$$ is the process-id of the currently running shell. The per-process core file name pattern is inherited by all child processes.

Note (see synopsis 2 below).

* The coreadm command is used to specify the name and location of core files produced by abnormally-terminating processes.

SYNOPSIS

coreadm [-g pattern] [-i pattern] [-d option...] [-e option...]

coreadm [-p pattern] [pid...]

coreadm –u

The first form shown in the synopsis can be executed only by the super-user and is used to configure system-wide core file options, including a global core file name pattern and a per-process core file name pattern for the init(1M) process.

The second form can be executed by non-privileged users and is used to specify the file name pattern to be used by the operating system when generating a per-process core file.

How to Create a Virtual Network Interface

This procedure shows how to create a virtual network interface card (VNIC).

1. Create a VNIC over a datalink.

# dladm create-vnic -l link vnic

link is the name of the datalink over which the VNIC is configured.

vnic is the VNIC which you can label with a customized name as well.

2. Create a VNIC IP interface over the link.

# ipadm create-ip vnic

3. Configure the VNIC with a valid IP address.

If you are assigning a static IP address, use the following syntax:

# ipadm create-addr -T static -a address addrobj

where addrobj uses the naming format interface/user-defined-string, such as e1000g0/v4globalz.

A service can be configured to run within a limited set of privileges, rather than as the all-powerful root user.

How to Move a Running Process Into a New Task

This example shows how to associate a running process with a different task and new project.

To perform this action, you must either be superuser, or be the owner of the process and be a

member of the new project.

1. Become superuser or assume an equivalent role

2. Obtain the process ID of thebook_catalogprocess.

# pgrep book_catalog

8100

3. Associate process8100with a new task ID in thebooksiteproject.

# newtask -v -p booksite -c 8100

17

The -coption specifies that newtaskoperate on the existing named process.

4. Confirm the task to process ID mapping.

# pgrep -T 17

8100

Incorrect:

Not C: projmod does not change the processes of a project.

The projmod utility modifies a project's definition on the system. projmod changes the definition of the specified project and makes the appropriate project-related system file and file system changes.

An interface that has been created cannot become a member of an aggregation.

re

page reclaims.

The information is given in units per second.

Note:

* vmstat reports virtual memory statistics regarding kernel thread, virtual memory, disk, trap, and CPU activity.

Incorrect:

Not B: sr, pages scanned by clock algorithm

Not C: free

size of the free list (Kbytes)

Not D: fr

kilobytes freed

See % below.

coredump parameter: -m mink | minm | min%

Create a minfree file in the current savecore directory indicating that savecore should maintain at least the specified amount of free space in the file system where the savecore directory is located. The min argument can be one of the following:

k

A positive integer suffixed with the unit k specifying kilobytes.

m

A positive integer suffixed with the unit m specifying megabytes.

%

A % symbol, indicating that the minfree value should be computed as the specified percentage of the total current size of the file system containing the savecore directory.

The savecore command will consult the minfree file, if present, prior to writing the dump files. If the size of these files would decrease the amount of free disk space below the minfree threshold, no dump files are written and an error message is logged. The administrator should immediately clean up the savecore directory to provide adequate free space, and re-execute the savecore command manually. The administrator can also specify an alternate directory on the savecore command-line.

Incorrect:

Not C: Separate ZFS volumes must be used for the swap area and dump devices.

A: The pkd.depotd service is managed by SMF under the service identifier svc:/application/pkg/server.

D:

* Example:

Configure pkg.depotd to provide remote access. pkg.depotd provides an HTTP interface to a pkg repo. Here we are going to make the repo server listen on port 10000, and use the repo dir we created as its default.

# svcadm disable pkg/server

# svccfg -s pkg/server setprop pkg/inst_root = /data/myrepo

# svccfg -s pkg/server setprop pkg/port = 10000

# svcadm refresh pkg/server

# svcadm enable pkg/server

* pkg.depotd is the depot server for the image packaging system. It provides network access to the data contained within a package repository. Clients that do not support direct access to a repository through the file system, or for which network access is the only available or preferred method of transport, typically use the package depot.

* The netcfg command manipulates system network configuration profiles. The netcfg command can be invoked interactively, with an individual subcommand, or by specifying a command file that contains a series of subcommands.

* subcommand: netcfg commit

Commits the current profile specification to persistent storage. A configuration must be correct to be committed. Therefore, this operation automatically performs a verify operation on the profile or object as well. The commit operation is attempted automatically upon exiting the current scope by using either the end or exit subcommand.

Note:

* from the netadm list output we see the line

ncp Automatic disabled

* Oracle Solaris 11 uses profile-based network configuration, which is comprised of two network configuration modes: manual (fixed) and automatic (reactive). Depending on which network configuration mode you choose during an installation, either the DefaultFixed network configuration profile (NCP) or the Automatic NCP is activated on the system. If the DefaultFixed NCP is active, the network is manually configured by using the dladm and ipadm commands . If the Automatic NCP or a user-defined NCP that you previously created is active, the netcfg and netadm commands (formerly nwamcfg and nwamadm) are used to create and manage network configuration.

Interface mode displays the state of all IP interfaces (IP links) that are tracked by in.mpathd on the system.

Incorrect:

Not A: Address mode displays the state of all IPMP data addresses on the system.

Not B: Group mode displays the state of all IPMP groups on the system.

Not D: Probe mode displays information about the probes being sent by in.mpathd.

Not E: Target mode displays IPMP probe target information.

The following list provides a brief description of each default checkpoint in the order the checkpoints are executed in most manifests.

transfer-ips-install – At this checkpoint, the distribution constructor contacts the IPS publishers and adds to the image the packages that are listed in the software_data element of the manifest.

set-ips-attributes – At this checkpoint, the constructor sets the publisher to be used by the installed system. The values set by this checkpoint are not relevant if you are building an automated installation image.

pre-pkg-img-mod – At this checkpoint, the constructor imports into the image the SMF service files that were specified in the configuration element of the manifest. Also, the constructor modifies some files to optimize the image.

By default, a new BE is automatically created when you perform one of the following operations:

* (D) Set the be-policy image policy to always-new. Under this policy, all package operations are performed in a new BE set as active on the next boot.

* Update particular key system packages such as some drivers and other kernel components. This can happen when you install, uninstall, update, change variant, or change facet.

* Often a new BE is created when you execute the pkg update command to update all packages that have updates available.

* Specify any of the following options: --be-name, --require-new-be, --backup-be-name, --require-backup-be.