1z0-1084-25 Oracle Cloud Infrastructure 2025 Developer Professional Questions and Answers

Explanation

The use case that is NOT a valid use case for leveraging the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Events service is "Capturing the OCI Monitoring service alarms and invoking autoscaling of compute instances." The OCI Events service is designed to provide event-driven architecture and enable automated responses to events occurring within the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure. It allows you to react to changes and activities happening within your OCI resources. The Events service can be used to trigger actions based on events like file uploads, resource changes, or task completions. However, capturing the OCI Monitoring service alarms and invoking autoscaling of compute instances is not a direct functionality provided by the OCI Events service. Autoscaling based on monitoring metrics is typically handled by the OCI Autoscaling service, which is specifically designed for that purpose. The OCI Monitoring service provides monitoring and alerting capabilities, while the Autoscaling service handles the dynamic scaling of compute instances based on predefined policies and thresholds.

Explanation

The correct API method to read and process a stream in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Streaming service is "GetMessages". When consuming messages from a stream in OCI Streaming, you use the "GetMessages" API method. This method allows you to retrieve a batch of messages from the stream for processing. You can specify parameters such as the number of messages to retrieve, the maximum size of the messages, and the timeout for the request. By using the "GetMessages" API method, you can retrieve messages from the stream and then process them in your microservices application. This allows you to consume and handle the data in real-time as it becomes available in the stream. The "GetMessages" method provides flexibility in how you consume and process the messages, enabling you to implement custom logic and workflows based on your specific application requirements.

Explanation

The three OCI services that can be leveraged to securely store and version your application's source code, and automate the building, testing, and deployment of applications to the OCI platform are: DevOps: OCI provides a comprehensive set of DevOps services, including Oracle Developer Cloud Service, which allows you to manage source code repositories, automate builds and testing, and streamline the deployment process. Container Engine for Kubernetes: OCI's Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) enables you to deploy and manage containerized applications using Kubernetes. It provides a scalable and reliable platform for automating the deployment of your applications. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry: OCI Registry is a fully managed, private container registry that allows you to securely store and manage Docker images. It integrates with other OCI services, such as Container Engine for Kubernetes, to facilitate seamless deployment and orchestration of containerized applications. These services combined provide the necessary tools and infrastructure to support continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) workflows, enabling efficient and automated application development and deployment processes in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure environment.

An Ingress Controller is a Kubernetes resource that provides advanced routing and load balancing for your applications running on a Kubernetes cluster1. An Ingress Controller allows you to define rules that specify how to route traffic to different services in your cluster based on the host name or path of the incoming request1. By deploying an Ingress Controller and using it to expose multiple application endpoints, you can achieve the following benefits1:

Cost-effectiveness: You only need to create one load balancer instance per cluster, instead of one per service, which reduces the cost of exposing your applications.

Simplicity: You only need to manage one set of routing rules for all your services, instead of configuring each service separately, which simplifies the application deployment and maintenance.

Flexibility: You can use different types of Ingress Controllers, such as NGINX or Traefik, that offer various features and customization options for your routing needs.

An action is a response that you define for the rule to perform when the filter finds a matching event1. The action type specifies the service that you want to invoke by delivering the event message1. The following action types are available in OCI Events rule definition1:

Streaming: Send to a stream from Oracle Streaming Service.

Notifications: Send to an Oracle Notification Service topic.

Functions: Send to an Oracle Functions Service endpoint. Email is not a valid action type for OCI Events rule definition. To send an email as an action, you need to use the Notifications service and subscribe to a topic with an email protocol2.

Explanation

To push a new image to the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Registry, you would need to perform the following two actions: Assign a tag via Docker CLI to the image: Before pushing the image, you need to assign a tag to it using the Docker CLI. The tag helps identify the image and associate it with a specific version or label. Generate an auth token to complete the authentication via Docker CLI: To authenticate and authorize the push operation, you need to generate an auth token. This token is used to authenticate your Docker CLI with the OCI Registry, allowing you to push the image securely. Note: Generating an API signing key, assigning an OCI defined tag via OCI CLI, and generating an OCI tag namespace are not required steps for pushing a new image to the OCI Registry.

Explanation

The correct options are: A configured OCI API signing key pair: The API signing key pair is used for authentication and authorization to access OCI resources, including the OKE cluster. The private key should be configured on your local machine to authenticate API requests. An SSH key pair with the public key added to the cluster worker nodes: This is required for secure SSH access to the worker nodes in the OKE cluster. You need to generate an SSH key pair and add the public key to the cluster's worker node pool during cluster creation or update. Therefore, the correct options are having a configured OCI API signing key pair and an SSH key pair with the public key added to the cluster worker nodes.

Explanation

The smallest unit of Kubernetes architecture is a Pod. A Pod is a logical grouping of one or more containers that are deployed together on the same host and share the same network namespace, storage, and other resources. It represents the smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes and is used to encapsulate and manage one or more closely related containers. Containers within a Pod are scheduled and deployed together, allowing them to communicate and share resources efficiently.

End-to-end testing is a technique that involves checking the entire user flow as well as the moving parts of a cloud native app, ensuring that there are no high-level discrepancies3. End-to-end testing simulates real user scenarios and validates the functionality, performance, reliability, and security of the app from start to finish3. End-to-end testing has several benefits, such as3:

Comprehensive testing: You can test your app as a whole and verify that all the components work together as expected.

User-centric testing: You can test your app from the user’s perspective and ensure that it meets the user’s needs and expectations.

Quality assurance: You can test your app in a realistic environment and identify any issues or defects before releasing it to the users.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Service Mesh." A service mesh is a configurable, low-latency infrastructure layer that controls the interaction between a network of microservices. It provides functionalities such as service discovery, load balancing, traffic management, security, and observability for microservices-based applications. It is designed to improve communication and manage the complex interactions between services within a distributed system. Service mesh frameworks like Istio and Linkerd are commonly used to implement service mesh architecture.

Explanation

The correct answer is: "read only." The layers of a Docker image are read-only. Once a layer is created, it cannot be modified. Each layer represents a Dockerfile instruction, and it is stacked on top of the previous layer, forming a stack of immutable layers. These layers are designed to be read-only to ensure consistency and integrity of the image. When a Docker image is built, each instruction in the Dockerfile creates a new layer. Each layer represents the changes made by that instruction relative to the previous layer. The layers are stacked on top of each other to form the complete image. This layer-based approach allows for efficient storage and distribution of Docker images. Because the layers are read-only, any changes or modifications to the image result in the creation of new layers rather than modifying the existing ones. This immutability ensures that each layer remains intact and preserves the integrity of the image. It also enables Docker's caching mechanism, where previously built layers can be reused if the corresponding instructions haven't changed, speeding up the image build process. The other options mentioned, such as "write only," "write once," "movable," and "read mostly," do not accurately describe the permission associated with Docker image layers. Docker image layers are specifically designed to be read-only.

Explanation

The correct answer in this scenario is to use the OCI API Gateway service and configure rate limiting. Using the OCI API Gateway service and configuring rate limiting is an effective approach to address Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks. By implementing rate limiting, you can control the number of requests that can be made to your web service within a specific time frame. This helps to prevent overload and ensures that your service can handle legitimate traffic while mitigating the impact of DDoS attacks. By leveraging the OCI API Gateway service, you can easily configure rate limiting rules to restrict the number of requests per second or per minute. This allows you to set appropriate thresholds and safeguard your web service from being overwhelmed by excessive requests. The API Gateway acts as a protective layer, filtering out malicious traffic and ensuring the smooth operation of your service. While options like OCI Virtual Cloud Network (VCN) segregation and third-party service integrations may contribute to overall security, they do not specifically address DDoS attacks as efficiently as rate limiting. VCN segregation focuses more on network segmentation and isolation, while third-party service integration may introduce additional dependencies and complexities. Re-writing your web service and implementing rate limiting is a viable option, but it may not be feasible considering the time constraints mentioned. Leveraging the OCI API Gateway service provides a quicker and easier solution to implement DDoS attack mitigation through rate limiting.

Explanation

The correct answers are: Set up the following dynamic group for your function's OCID: Name: read-file-dg Rule: resource.id = "ocid1.fnfunc.oc1.phx.aaaaaaaakeaobctakezjz5i4ujj7g25q7sx5mvr55pms6f4da" Set up a policy with the following statement to grant read access to the bucket: Statement: allow dynamic-group read-file-dg to read objects in compartment qa-compartment where target.bucket.name = 'input-bucket' Explanation: To implement the use case of reading a JSON file object from an Object Storage bucket using Resource Principals with Oracle Functions, you need to configure the following: Create a dynamic group named "read-file-dg" and associate it with your function's OCID. This dynamic group helps identify the function as a member of the group for policy enforcement. Create a policy that grants read access to the bucket. The policy statement should allow the dynamic group "read-file-dg" to read objects in the compartment "qa-compartment" and specify the target bucket name as "input-bucket". This policy ensures that the function has the necessary permissions to access the specified bucket. By setting up the dynamic group and policy, you ensure that the function, as a member of the dynamic group, has the required read access to the specified Object Storage bucket in the specified compartment.

Explanation

The correct command to rebuild the API docker image and tag it as OCIdevops/api:latest is: docker build -t OCIdevops/api:latest The docker build command is used to build a Docker image from a Dockerfile. The -t flag is used to specify the name and optionally a tag for the image. In this case, the name of the image is OCIdevops/api and the tag is latest. By running this command, the Docker image will be recreated based on the instructions in the Dockerfile and tagged with the specified name and tag.

Explanation

To obtain a log file from one of the nodes in an Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) cluster, you should SSH into the nodes using the private key. Here's the step-by-step process: Obtain the private key: The private key is required to authenticate and access the nodes in the OKE cluster. You should obtain the private key from your administrator or the appropriate key pair used to create the cluster. SSH into the node: Use a secure shell (SSH) client, such as OpenSSH, to connect to the desired node in the cluster. The SSH command typically includes the private key file path and the public IP address or hostname of the node. Example command: ssh -i opc@ Replace with the path to the private key file and with the public IP address of the node you want to access. Navigate to the log file location: Once you have successfully connected to the node, navigate to the directory where the log file is located. The exact location and name of the log file may vary depending on the Kubernetes distribution and configuration. Copy or view the log file: You can either copy the log file from the node to your local machine using the scp command or view the contents directly on the node using tools like cat or less. By following these steps, you will be able to access the log file from the desired node in the OKE cluster for troubleshooting purposes.

Explanation

The three technologies best suited for implementing a microservices-based application are: Service Mesh: A service mesh is a dedicated infrastructure layer that provides features like service discovery, load balancing, encryption, authentication, and observability for microservices. It helps in managing the communication and interactions between microservices in a scalable and secure manner. Kubernetes: Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration platform that enables the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. It provides features like automated scaling, service discovery, load balancing, and self-healing capabilities, which are essential for managing microservices in a distributed environment. Docker: Docker is a popular containerization platform that allows packaging applications and their dependencies into lightweight containers. It provides a consistent and portable environment for running microservices, enabling easy deployment and scalability. Docker also facilitates isolation and resource efficiency, making it an ideal choice for deploying microservices. While Big Data, Anomaly Detection, and Terraform are valuable technologies, they are not specifically focused on enabling the implementation of microservices-based applications.

Explanation

To dynamically make Kubernetes resources discoverable to public DNS servers, you can use ExternalDNS. ExternalDNS is a Kubernetes add-on that automates the management of DNS records for your Kubernetes services and ingresses. It can be configured to monitor the changes in your Kubernetes resources and automatically update DNS records in a supported DNS provider. By integrating ExternalDNS with your Kubernetes cluster, you can ensure that the DNS records for your services and ingresses are automatically created, updated, or deleted based on changes in your Kubernetes resources. This allows your Kubernetes resources to be discoverable by external systems through public DNS servers.

Explanation

Which TWO statements are correct regarding Docker images and containers? (Choose two.) Writing and building a new Dockerfile is the only way you can create new Docker images. A container can exist without an image but an image cannot exist without a container. Only one container can be spawned from a given image at a time. If multiple containers are spawned from the same image, then they all use the same copy of that image in memory. (Correct) An image is a collection of immutable layers whereas a container is a running instance of an image. (Correct) ChatGPT The correct statements regarding Docker images and containers are: If multiple containers are spawned from the same image, then they all use the same copy of that image in memory. This statement is correct. When multiple containers are created from the same Docker image, they share the underlying layers of the image in memory. Each container has its own isolated filesystem and runtime environment, but they all use the same base image, which helps in efficient resource utilization. An image is a collection of immutable layers whereas a container is a running instance of an image. This statement is also correct. Docker images are composed of multiple layers, with each layer representing a specific change or addition to the previous layer. These layers are read-only and can be shared among multiple containers. On the other hand, a container is a lightweight and isolated runtime instance created from a specific image. It is a running process that has its own filesystem, network, and runtime configuration. The statements "Writing and building a new Dockerfile is the only way you can create new Docker images" and "A container can exist without an image but an image cannot exist without a container" are incorrect. Docker images can be created in various ways, including using Dockerfiles, importing from existing images, or pulling from registries. Additionally, a container requires an image to run, so an image must exist before a container can be created from it.

Explanation

The correct answer is: "Tightly coupled." Tightly coupling is not a criterion that is usually met by a microservice. In fact, microservices are designed to be loosely coupled. Loosely coupling refers to reducing dependencies and minimizing the direct interactions between different components or services. Microservices promote independence and autonomy, allowing each service to operate independently without being tightly bound to other services. The other options listed are criteria that are typically met by microservices: Organized around business capabilities: Microservices architecture suggests designing services around specific business capabilities or functionalities. This allows for focused and specialized services that align with the organization's business needs. Independently deployable: Microservices are designed to be independently deployable units. Each microservice can be developed, tested, and deployed separately, without impacting other services. This enables agility and scalability in the deployment process. Highly maintainable: Microservices are often designed to be highly maintainable. They are smaller in scope and focused on specific tasks, making it easier to manage and maintain individual services. Additionally, microservices can be updated, patched, or replaced without affecting the entire system, facilitating easier maintenance and evolution of the application. Therefore, the criterion that is NOT typically met by a microservice is being tightly coupled.

Explanation

The step that is NOT required for setting up the Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) cluster access using a local installation of kubectl is to generate an Auth token from the OCI console. The authentication for accessing the OKE cluster using kubectl can be performed using the OCI CLI configuration, specifically the API signing key pair and the kubeconfig file. Here are the correct steps for setting up the OKE cluster access using a local installation of kubectl: Set up the kubeconfig file: The kubeconfig file contains the necessary information to authenticate and access the OKE cluster using kubectl. It includes details such as the cluster endpoint, authentication method, and credentials. Generate an API signing key pair (if you do not already have one) and upload the public key of the API signing key pair: The API signing key pair is used for authentication with the OCI services. The public key of the key pair needs to be uploaded to the OCI Console to associate it with your user account. Install and configure the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) CLI: The OCI CLI provides a command-line interface to interact with the OCI services. It needs to be installed and configured with your OCI credentials, including the user's OCID, tenancy OCID, region, and the path to the API signing key pair. By completing these steps, you can configure kubectl to access and manage your OKE clusters from your local machine using the OCI CLI authentication configuration.

Explanation

The correct statements about deleting a Kubernetes cluster are: If you change the auto-generated name of a worker node and then delete the cluster, the renamed worker node is not deleted. Changing the name of a worker node does not affect its deletion when the cluster is deleted. The cluster deletion process does not consider the renamed worker nodes and will delete all worker nodes associated with the cluster. Upon deleting a cluster, no other resources created during the cluster creation process or associated with the cluster (such as VCNs, Internet Gateways, NAT Gateways, Route Tables, Security Lists, Load Balancers, and Block Volumes) are deleted automatically. These additional resources are not automatically deleted when the cluster is deleted. You need to manage the deletion of these resources separately, if desired. Therefore, the correct statements are that the renamed worker nodes are not deleted when the cluster is deleted, and other associated resources are not automatically deleted when the cluster is deleted.

OCI Queue is a service for enabling asynchronous (decoupled) communication in a serverless manner3. Queue handles high-volume transactional data that requires independent processing without loss or duplication3. Queue supports ordering of messages within a queue by using the FIFO (first-in-first-out) delivery option3. Therefore, using a single queue to process all transactions ensures that all transactions are processed in order and that no transaction is lost. Verified References: Overview of Queue

Explanation

The statement that accurately describes the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Load Balancer integration with OCI Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) is: "OKE service provisions an OCI Load Balancer instance for each Kubernetes service with LoadBalancer type in the YAML configuration." When you define a Kubernetes service in your YAML configuration with the LoadBalancer type, the OKE service automatically provisions an OCI Load Balancer instance specifically for that service. This Load Balancer instance is dedicated to the Kubernetes service and provides traffic balancing functionality. Each Kubernetes service that requires load balancing will have its own OCI Load Balancer instance provisioned by OKE.

To push a new Docker container image to a repository in OCI Registry, you need to use an Auth Token to complete the authentication via the Docker CLI1. An Auth Token is a secure, auto-generated password that you can use to authenticate with OCI services such as OCI Registry1. You can generate an Auth Token in the Console by following these steps1:

In the top-right corner of the Console, open the Profile menu and then click User settings to view the details.

On the Auth Tokens page, click Generate Token.

Enter a friendly description for the auth token. Avoid entering confidential information.

Click Generate Token. The new auth token is displayed.

Copy the auth token immediately to a secure location from where you can retrieve it later, because you won’t see the auth token again in the Console.

Close the Generate Token dialog. After generating an Auth Token, you need to log in to OCI Registry by entering docker login .ocir.io in a terminal window on the client machine running Docker, where corresponds to the key for the OCI Registry region you’re using1. When prompted for a username, enter your username in the format /, where is the auto-generated Object Storage namespace string of your tenancy1. When prompted for a password, enter the Auth Token you copied earlier1.

Explanation

The correct approach to receive an email each time a Terraform action begins in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Resource Manager without writing any code is as follows: Create an OCI Notification topic and email subscription with the destination email address. This will define the email delivery configuration. Create an OCI Events rule that matches the "Resource Manager Job - Create" condition. This rule will be triggered when a Resource Manager job is created. In the OCI Events rule, select the notification topic that was created in step 1 as the action for the corresponding event. This will ensure that the notification is sent to the specified email address. By following these steps, you can configure the OCI Events service to send an email notification whenever a Resource Manager job is created in OCI Resource Manager.

Explanation

The strategy that involves exposing new functionality or features to only a small set of users is called Canary Deployment. Canary deployment is a technique used in software development and deployment where a new version of an application or feature is released to a small subset of users or a specific group of servers. This allows for testing and gathering feedback on the new functionality in a controlled and limited environment before making it available to a wider audience. In a canary deployment, a small portion of the traffic is routed to the new version while the majority of the traffic still goes to the stable version. This allows for monitoring and evaluation of the new functionality in real-world conditions while minimizing the impact of any potential issues or bugs. If the new version performs well and meets the desired criteria, it can then be gradually rolled out to a larger user base or all servers. By exposing the new functionality or features to a small set of users initially, canary deployment helps in identifying any unforeseen issues, gathering feedback, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the application before a full deployment.

Explanation

The correct syntax for implementing a rolling update deployment strategy in Kubernetes using the kubectl command is: kubectl rolling-update --image=image:v2 This command initiates a rolling update of the specified deployment by updating the container image to image:v2. The rolling update strategy ensures that the new version of the application is gradually deployed while maintaining availability and minimizing downtime.